process skills

At a young age, you may ask questions and look for explanation as why things happen or exist as they are. In order for you to discover the answers, you must follow some steps called the basic science processes. : 

At a young age, you may ask questions and look for explanation as why things happen or exist as they are. In order for you to discover the answers, you must follow some steps called the basic science processes.

Today’s Objectives : 

Today’s Objectives enumerate science process skills

1. Observing : 

1. Observing This means using your body senses to gather the needed information. Given the following objects as examples, you can describe each of following through observation. Wood: light, hard, rough banana: yellow, long, sweet perfume: fragrant, yellow, pleasant smell

Kinds of Observation : 

Kinds of Observation QUALITATIVE OBSERVATION Tells the quality or kind of objects being observed. Example: The water is hot. The folder is long. The balloon is light. QUANTITATIVE OBSERVATION Tells the quantity or amount of objects using measuring tools. Example: The length of the folder is 30cm. The weight of the balloon is 2 grams.

2. Inferring : 

2. Inferring means making an explanation or interpretation using the information gathered from observation. Example: It is going to rain. The clouds are dark and the wind is strong. The insect released a dark sticky liquid from its mouth because it is upset and trying to defend itself.

3. Classifying : 

3. Classifying Is grouping or ordering of objects or events into categories based on shared properties or criteria. Venn diagram can help us categorize objects based on their similarities and differences. Look at the overlapping circles below. Write the characteristics of plants only in circle A. Then, write the characteristics of animals only in circle B. Finally, write the characteristics of both plants and animals in the space where the two circles overlaps.

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CHARACTERISTICS Make their own food Move freely from place to place Eat other organisms Grow Have roots Can reproduce

4. Measuring : 

4. Measuring is an accurate way of gathering data on length, width, height, temperature, and the like using measuring tools

Following are some of the measuring instruments commonly used: : 

Following are some of the measuring instruments commonly used: a. Graduated Cylinder lower meniscus It is used to measure the volume of a liquid. Volume is the space occupied by the liquids. When a liquid is put into a cylinder, the surface curves. This curve is called meniscus.

b. Platform balance : 

b. Platform balance It is used to measure the mass of an object. Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

Steps in using the platform balance: : 

Steps in using the platform balance: Put the weights in the zero markers. Place the object on the left weighing platform. Slide the weights to the right until the pointer directs to zero. The mass can be determined by adding the readings on both beams.

c. ruler : 

c. ruler A ruler is used to measure distances and draw straight lines. It has two sides with corresponding labels in centimeters and inches.

Steps in using the ruler: : 

Steps in using the ruler: Place your ruler alongside the object you wish to measure. Make sure that the edge is aligned with the zero on your ruler. Look directly over the ruler where the measurement is being taken. Carefully take the measurement using the numbers on the ruler and counting any thick marks that are necessary.

d. Thermometer : 

d. Thermometer Commonly made from a glass bulb connected to a tube glass with a numbered scale written on the outside. Inside the glass tube is liquid like mercury or colored alcohol that rises and falls in the tube as the temperature around it warms or cools. When you read the temperature on a thermometer, it should be vertical and your eyes should be level with the top of the liquid in the glass tube.

5. Communicating : 

5. Communicating is using words or graphic symbols to describe an object, action, or events. A graph is drawing used to show data in picture form so that it will be clearer and easier to understand.

Let’s Practice : 

Let’s Practice A. Write O if the statement tells about an observation and I if it is an inference. _________ 1. a. The water is hot. _________ b. The water is boiling. _________ 2. a. Olive reviewed well. _________ b. Olive got a high score in her Science test. _________ 3. a. There was a typhoon with signal number 3. _________ b. Houses and properties were damaged.

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Read and understand the statements below. Encircle the observation and underline the inference in each sentence. In an over populated area, there is pollution and flooding. The clean, clear, colorless liquid in a glass spilled on the floor is water. Fe has a fever because her body temperature is 39°C.

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C. Identify the laboratory instrument used each of the following situations. _____________1. Kat wants to find out how cold her room is. _____________2. Ethel would like to know if she has gained weight. _____________3. Ria wants to get the length of her pencil. ______________4. The directions on the medicine bottle are too small to see. ______________5. Kristine wants to measure the amount of water in a glass.

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D. Match column A with column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the blank. A B _________1. using senses to collect data a. inferring b. measuring _________2. pointing similarities c. observing and differences objects or situations d. classifying e. communicating _________3. grouping of items based right instrument on their common characteristics and properties _________4. the accurate way getting data using the laboratory apparatus. _________5. interpreting data based on observation.