FI110

Solar Geysers – a CDM perspective : 

Solar Geysers – a CDM perspective TATA BP Solar case study

The Facts : 

The Facts It is estimated that nearly 5 Lakh homes in Bangalore city alone consume 3 million units of power every day between 6 AM & 9AM for water heating alone. 32.8 Million MW of solar energy strikes Indian landscape every second

Solar Water Heaters : 

Solar Water Heaters

Solar Water Heaters: 

Solar Water Heaters

Solar Water Heaters: 

Solar Water Heaters

Schematic – Two tank system : 

Schematic – Two tank system

The panel : 

The panel

Performance of SWH: 

Performance of SWH Weather and Seasonal Changes in the Sun Path Collector Orientation for optimal performance – year round Maintenance (Scaling, Transparency etc.)

Solar- Path : 

Solar- Path

Sectors : 

Sectors Industrial Hospitals Domestic Sector Hotels Hostels

SWH Global Scenario : 

SWH Global Scenario China 4,000,000 India 2,000,000 Japan 1,000,000 Europe 890,000 South Korea 500,000 Turkey 430,000 Israel 400,000 USA 25,000 In square meters of collectors installed

Indian Scenario : 

Indian Scenario

GHG emission reduction : 

GHG emission reduction An effective DSM tool 1000 Domestic water heaters shaves about 1 MW of peak load Most of peak power is fossil fuel based Replaces electrical counterpart (at least partially)

TATA BP Solar India Limited : 

TATA BP Solar India Limited A case study

The Company: 

The Company Leading solar equipment manufacturer in India Sales turnover 1900 Million during 2001

Sales Record : 

Sales Record

Solar Geysers : 

Solar Geysers In different sizes 100 – 10,000 LPD Applications Bathing Medicinal bathing Boiler feed Process heating Pool heating , washing , cooking

CDM- Assumptions : 

CDM- Assumptions Solar geysers will replace electrical counterparts Current market growth will sustain for 3 years and later at 10% annum Major policy changes NOT expected (espl. In –ve direction) Reduced selling price on geyser will enhance the market adoption rate KP Ratification & Enforcement

Additionality : 

Additionality Investment Barrier YES Technology Barrier not obvious Prevailing practice YES Market adoption rate YES

Baseline methodology: 

Baseline methodology I.C 12b SSC-PDD Different Baseline & M&V for domestic and Commercial & Industrial systems Domestic Systems To be bundled to reduce m&V costs Weighed average emission of the peak load generation mix (meth to be recommended)

Baseline methodology contd..: 

Baseline methodology contd.. Industrial Systems Displaces Diesel generated electricity than grid electricity – generation mix at the grid level is unfair Commercial Systems Bundling is necessary Current generation mix of the grid

Monitoring & Verification : 

Monitoring & Verification Recording annually No. of systems Operating Estimating the annual hrs. of operation

Unresolved : 

Unresolved Uncertainties of base line Change in usage pattern of hot water Climatic condition (monsoon, depression etc) Solar intensity on ground (reduced 10% in last few decade) Asian brown haze ? Maintenance = Performance Can be substantiated by buffer calculations (meth recommendation ?) Annual targets are difficult to meet