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Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide1: Navigation 200 Skipper/XO Training 2007Course Overview…: Course Overview… The Chart Primary emphasis on chart preparation The Fix Visual & Electronic Accuracy and errors The DR The most important thing on the chart Making landfall The Navigation Brief Navigation Party Organization, procedures & philosophy Navigation Practical { {Chart Prep Checklist: Chart Prep Checklist Handout…Principles & Practice of Basic Navigation: Principles & Practice of Basic Navigation Fix taking Fix evaluation “Minimum Cyclic Routine” Plot, Label, DR.. Plot, Label, DR.. Plot, Label, DR… Situational Awareness & “Gut Feel” Watch Captain involvement Midshipman Navigator involvement Skipper involvement The Fix…: The Fix… The Fix is: WHERE YOU WERE The Fix…: The Fix… The Fix is: THREE DIMENSIONAL “Sounding – Checks with chart”The Fatho….: The Fatho…. Write the “No Go Sounding” In Grease Pencil Here 18 feetFix Interval: Fix Interval Whatever you do, establish and maintain a consistent fix interval Need to be able to step back and see the trend, and respond if the trend changesFix Interval: Fix Interval What interval is required? Hourly? Half hourly? Fifteen minutes? Ten Minutes? Five Minutes? It depends However, it should be obvious when looking at the chart when it changes – and why The Skipper determines Fix Interval!Fix Interval: Fix Interval Open ocean – outbound 1 hour maximum Open ocean – inbound Frequently enough so you can see you approach develop The Bay Where are you??? Remember – these are fully crewed yachts Whose mission is to train on navigationFix Interval: Fix Interval SOP: “In piloting waters, the navigation plotter shall plot a fix at an interval that does not exceed half the time it would take the STC to reach the nearest navigation hazard at current speed.” Symbols: SymbolsThe Fix…: The Fix… Treat Every Fix With SuspicionHow Do You Take A Fix?: How Do You Take A Fix? The Hand Bearing Compass…: The Hand Bearing Compass… They come with a Lanyard – Use it!!!Visual Fixes…: Visual Fixes… Sounding – Checks With Chart “Taking A Round Of Bearings”: “Taking A Round Of Bearings” The Mids are taught to shoot the most rapidly changing bearing first Typically the beam bearing May not be… Why - Shooting at a given time In the sail training craft context, shoot the most rapidly changing bearing last Mark the time Why – Most up to date information Optimum spread of LOPs: Optimum spread of LOPs In order to minimize the effect of possible errors in observed bearings, attempt to optimize the angular spread of objects shot 2 objects should be as close to 900 apart as possible 3 objects should optimally be 1200 apart The following illustration shows the reasoning behind this rule of thumb by showing the effects of a +/- 5 error in the bearings of two objects 300, and 900 apart : Where Do You Record The Bearings?: Where Do You Record The Bearings? All Bearings °In Magnetic All Bearings °In MagneticThe Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning Every hour on the hour 1300 1400 1200 The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning At the time of every course change C 105 C 075 C 090 1210 1220 1200The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning At the time of every speed change 1242 1250 1230 S 6 S 4 S 5The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning At the time of obtaining a single line of position 1426 1426 LightThe Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning At the time of obtaining a fix or running fix 1315 1315 1315 1315 RFIX The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning A new course line shall be drawn from each fix or running fix as soon as it is determined 1600 C-090 S-6The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning Every hour on the hour At the time of every course change At the time of every speed change At the time of obtaining a single line of position At the time of obtaining a fix or running fix A new course line shall be drawn from each fix or running fix as soon as it is determined YOU MUST KNOW THESE!!! You Must Know How To Apply These!!!Couple of notes on DRs: Couple of notes on DRs NEVER draw a new course line from an EP or single LOP DO NOT include C & S at a DR position for a single LOP or a whole hour unless they changed at these times as wellPlot, Label, DR… Plot, Label, DR… Plot, Label, DR…: 1730 C-090 1740 1750 Sounding – Checks With Chart S-6 Plot, Label, DR… Plot, Label, DR… Plot, Label, DR… The Fix & The DR…: The Fix & The DR… The DR Is Based on Onboard Instrumentation Do Not Use GPS Course Over Ground/Speed Over GroundThe Compass Rose…: The Compass Rose… Remember – Use MagneticThe Fix & The DR…: The Fix & The DR…How Far Can You Go… Before You Plot A Fix Again?: How Far Can You Go… Before You Plot A Fix Again? The Nautical Slide Rule Speed X Time = DistanceThe Fix & The DR… Uncertainty!!!: The Fix & The DR… Uncertainty!!! Wind Visual Fixes…: Visual Fixes… Sounding – Checks With Chart The Fix & The Dr… The Process: The Fix & The Dr… The Process Sounding – Checks With Chart The Fix & The DR…: The Fix & The DR… 1730 C-090 S-6 1740 1750 Sounding – Checks With Chart 1740 C-090 1750 1800 S-6 The Fix & The DR…: The Fix & The DR… 1730 C-090 S-6 1740 1740 C-090 1750 1800 S-6 The Fix & The Dr… The Process: The Fix & The Dr… The Process The Fix & The Dr… The Process: The Fix & The Dr… The Process Sounding – Checks With ChartThe Fix & The Dr… The Process: The Fix & The Dr… The Process Sounding – ??? The Fix & The Dr… The Process: The Fix & The Dr… The ProcessThe Fix & The Dr… The Process: The Fix & The Dr… The ProcessCurrent triangle: Current triangle You calculate the current effects by comparing your DR to the Fix position 1740 C-090 S-6 1750 1750 Estimated position: Estimated position You can thus estimate your next position by applying the set & drift to the next DR position 1750 C-090 S-6 1800 1800Correcting Course for current: Correcting Course for current You can also alter course to offset the set & drift so you can make the course over ground that you want (assuming the wind cooperates) 1750 C-075 S-6 CMG & SMG Set & Drift 1800 1800We Move… Gaining and Dropping Nav Aids: We Move… Gaining and Dropping Nav AidsThe Bearing Record Book…: The Bearing Record Book… Micro Tower Crown Light Cupola All Bearings °In Magnetic 1730 050 080 172 35ft 1740 025 075 198 35ftWe Move… Gaining and Dropping Nav Aids: We Move… Gaining and Dropping Nav Aids Skip Ahead… Gaining and Dropping Nav Aids: Skip Ahead… Gaining and Dropping Nav Aids Step 1: Sight & Identify: Step 1: Sight & Identify The Bearing Record Book…: The Bearing Record Book… Micro Tower Crown Light Cupola All Bearings °In Magnetic 1730 050 080 172 35ft 1740 025 075 198 Tank 35ft 1745 117 30 ftThe Bearing Record Book…: The Bearing Record Book… Micro Tower Crown Light Cupola All Bearings °In Magnetic 1730 050 080 172 35ft 1740 025 075 198 Tank 35ft 1745 117 30 ft 1750 002 067 220 120 25 ftStep 2: Confirm With Fix: Step 2: Confirm With Fix Sounding – Checks With ChartStep 3: Gain & Drop: Step 3: Gain & Drop The Bearing Record Book…: The Bearing Record Book… Micro Tower Crown Light Cupola All Bearings °In Magnetic 1730 050 080 172 35ft 1740 025 075 198 Tank 35ft 1745 117 30 ft 1750 002 067 220 120 25 ft 1800 352 055 123 18 ftStep 3: Gain & Drop: Step 3: Gain & Drop Sounding – Checks With ChartThe Bottom Line…: The Bottom Line… The DR is: The Single Most Important Thing On the ChartHomework: Homework Study 12222 Practice Nav practical available on Blackboard if you want to practice. See LT De Azua for chart 12270.Next Class…: Next Class… The Chart Primary emphasis on chart preparation The Fix Visual & Electronic Accuracy and errors The DR The most important thing on the chart Making landfall The Navigation Brief Navigation Party Organization, procedures & philosophy Navigation Practical {Questions?: Questions? Questions? You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Nav 200 Part I Connor Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Copy Does not support media & animations WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 91 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: November 07, 2007 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide1: Navigation 200 Skipper/XO Training 2007Course Overview…: Course Overview… The Chart Primary emphasis on chart preparation The Fix Visual & Electronic Accuracy and errors The DR The most important thing on the chart Making landfall The Navigation Brief Navigation Party Organization, procedures & philosophy Navigation Practical { {Chart Prep Checklist: Chart Prep Checklist Handout…Principles & Practice of Basic Navigation: Principles & Practice of Basic Navigation Fix taking Fix evaluation “Minimum Cyclic Routine” Plot, Label, DR.. Plot, Label, DR.. Plot, Label, DR… Situational Awareness & “Gut Feel” Watch Captain involvement Midshipman Navigator involvement Skipper involvement The Fix…: The Fix… The Fix is: WHERE YOU WERE The Fix…: The Fix… The Fix is: THREE DIMENSIONAL “Sounding – Checks with chart”The Fatho….: The Fatho…. Write the “No Go Sounding” In Grease Pencil Here 18 feetFix Interval: Fix Interval Whatever you do, establish and maintain a consistent fix interval Need to be able to step back and see the trend, and respond if the trend changesFix Interval: Fix Interval What interval is required? Hourly? Half hourly? Fifteen minutes? Ten Minutes? Five Minutes? It depends However, it should be obvious when looking at the chart when it changes – and why The Skipper determines Fix Interval!Fix Interval: Fix Interval Open ocean – outbound 1 hour maximum Open ocean – inbound Frequently enough so you can see you approach develop The Bay Where are you??? Remember – these are fully crewed yachts Whose mission is to train on navigationFix Interval: Fix Interval SOP: “In piloting waters, the navigation plotter shall plot a fix at an interval that does not exceed half the time it would take the STC to reach the nearest navigation hazard at current speed.” Symbols: SymbolsThe Fix…: The Fix… Treat Every Fix With SuspicionHow Do You Take A Fix?: How Do You Take A Fix? The Hand Bearing Compass…: The Hand Bearing Compass… They come with a Lanyard – Use it!!!Visual Fixes…: Visual Fixes… Sounding – Checks With Chart “Taking A Round Of Bearings”: “Taking A Round Of Bearings” The Mids are taught to shoot the most rapidly changing bearing first Typically the beam bearing May not be… Why - Shooting at a given time In the sail training craft context, shoot the most rapidly changing bearing last Mark the time Why – Most up to date information Optimum spread of LOPs: Optimum spread of LOPs In order to minimize the effect of possible errors in observed bearings, attempt to optimize the angular spread of objects shot 2 objects should be as close to 900 apart as possible 3 objects should optimally be 1200 apart The following illustration shows the reasoning behind this rule of thumb by showing the effects of a +/- 5 error in the bearings of two objects 300, and 900 apart : Where Do You Record The Bearings?: Where Do You Record The Bearings? All Bearings °In Magnetic All Bearings °In MagneticThe Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning Every hour on the hour 1300 1400 1200 The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning At the time of every course change C 105 C 075 C 090 1210 1220 1200The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning At the time of every speed change 1242 1250 1230 S 6 S 4 S 5The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning At the time of obtaining a single line of position 1426 1426 LightThe Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning At the time of obtaining a fix or running fix 1315 1315 1315 1315 RFIX The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning A new course line shall be drawn from each fix or running fix as soon as it is determined 1600 C-090 S-6The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning: The Six Rules Of Deduced Reckoning Every hour on the hour At the time of every course change At the time of every speed change At the time of obtaining a single line of position At the time of obtaining a fix or running fix A new course line shall be drawn from each fix or running fix as soon as it is determined YOU MUST KNOW THESE!!! You Must Know How To Apply These!!!Couple of notes on DRs: Couple of notes on DRs NEVER draw a new course line from an EP or single LOP DO NOT include C & S at a DR position for a single LOP or a whole hour unless they changed at these times as wellPlot, Label, DR… Plot, Label, DR… Plot, Label, DR…: 1730 C-090 1740 1750 Sounding – Checks With Chart S-6 Plot, Label, DR… Plot, Label, DR… Plot, Label, DR… The Fix & The DR…: The Fix & The DR… The DR Is Based on Onboard Instrumentation Do Not Use GPS Course Over Ground/Speed Over GroundThe Compass Rose…: The Compass Rose… Remember – Use MagneticThe Fix & The DR…: The Fix & The DR…How Far Can You Go… Before You Plot A Fix Again?: How Far Can You Go… Before You Plot A Fix Again? The Nautical Slide Rule Speed X Time = DistanceThe Fix & The DR… Uncertainty!!!: The Fix & The DR… Uncertainty!!! Wind Visual Fixes…: Visual Fixes… Sounding – Checks With Chart The Fix & The Dr… The Process: The Fix & The Dr… The Process Sounding – Checks With Chart The Fix & The DR…: The Fix & The DR… 1730 C-090 S-6 1740 1750 Sounding – Checks With Chart 1740 C-090 1750 1800 S-6 The Fix & The DR…: The Fix & The DR… 1730 C-090 S-6 1740 1740 C-090 1750 1800 S-6 The Fix & The Dr… The Process: The Fix & The Dr… The Process The Fix & The Dr… The Process: The Fix & The Dr… The Process Sounding – Checks With ChartThe Fix & The Dr… The Process: The Fix & The Dr… The Process Sounding – ??? The Fix & The Dr… The Process: The Fix & The Dr… The ProcessThe Fix & The Dr… The Process: The Fix & The Dr… The ProcessCurrent triangle: Current triangle You calculate the current effects by comparing your DR to the Fix position 1740 C-090 S-6 1750 1750 Estimated position: Estimated position You can thus estimate your next position by applying the set & drift to the next DR position 1750 C-090 S-6 1800 1800Correcting Course for current: Correcting Course for current You can also alter course to offset the set & drift so you can make the course over ground that you want (assuming the wind cooperates) 1750 C-075 S-6 CMG & SMG Set & Drift 1800 1800We Move… Gaining and Dropping Nav Aids: We Move… Gaining and Dropping Nav AidsThe Bearing Record Book…: The Bearing Record Book… Micro Tower Crown Light Cupola All Bearings °In Magnetic 1730 050 080 172 35ft 1740 025 075 198 35ftWe Move… Gaining and Dropping Nav Aids: We Move… Gaining and Dropping Nav Aids Skip Ahead… Gaining and Dropping Nav Aids: Skip Ahead… Gaining and Dropping Nav Aids Step 1: Sight & Identify: Step 1: Sight & Identify The Bearing Record Book…: The Bearing Record Book… Micro Tower Crown Light Cupola All Bearings °In Magnetic 1730 050 080 172 35ft 1740 025 075 198 Tank 35ft 1745 117 30 ftThe Bearing Record Book…: The Bearing Record Book… Micro Tower Crown Light Cupola All Bearings °In Magnetic 1730 050 080 172 35ft 1740 025 075 198 Tank 35ft 1745 117 30 ft 1750 002 067 220 120 25 ftStep 2: Confirm With Fix: Step 2: Confirm With Fix Sounding – Checks With ChartStep 3: Gain & Drop: Step 3: Gain & Drop The Bearing Record Book…: The Bearing Record Book… Micro Tower Crown Light Cupola All Bearings °In Magnetic 1730 050 080 172 35ft 1740 025 075 198 Tank 35ft 1745 117 30 ft 1750 002 067 220 120 25 ft 1800 352 055 123 18 ftStep 3: Gain & Drop: Step 3: Gain & Drop Sounding – Checks With ChartThe Bottom Line…: The Bottom Line… The DR is: The Single Most Important Thing On the ChartHomework: Homework Study 12222 Practice Nav practical available on Blackboard if you want to practice. See LT De Azua for chart 12270.Next Class…: Next Class… The Chart Primary emphasis on chart preparation The Fix Visual & Electronic Accuracy and errors The DR The most important thing on the chart Making landfall The Navigation Brief Navigation Party Organization, procedures & philosophy Navigation Practical {Questions?: Questions? Questions?