VLANs

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Использование технологии VLAN: 

Использование технологии VLAN

Для чего нужны VLAN?: 

Для чего нужны VLAN? 3rd floor 2nd floor 1st floor SALES HR ENG A VLAN = A broadcast domain = Logical network (subnet)

VLAN Operations: 

VLAN Operations Each logical VLAN is like a separate physical bridge

Механизм VLAN: 

Механизм VLAN Switch B Green VLAN Black VLAN Yellow VLAN Each logical VLAN is like a separate physical bridge VLANs can span across multiple switches

Механизм VLAN: 

Механизм VLAN Switch B Green VLAN Black VLAN Red VLAN Trunk Fast Ethernet Each logical VLAN is like a separate physical bridge VLANs can span across multiple switches Trunks carries traffic for multiple VLANs Trunks use special encapsulation to distinguish between different VLANs

VLAN Membership Modes: 

VLAN Membership Modes VLAN5 Static VLAN Dynamic VLAN MAC = 1111.1111.1111 Trunk VMPS 1111.1111.1111 = vlan 10 VLAN10 Port e0/9 Port e0/4

ISL Encapsulation: 

ISL Encapsulation ISL Header 26 bytes Encapsulated Ethernet frame CRC 4 bytes Frames encapsulated with ISL header and CRC Support for many VLANs (1024) VLAN field Type us used to identify LAN technology (Ethernet, Token Ring and etc) DA Type User SA LEN AAAA03 HSA VLAN BPDU BPDU INDEX RES

802.1q Encapsulation: 

802.1q Encapsulation Data Source add FCS Length Dest add Variable 4 6 6 4 Preamble 8 TAG TPID Priority VID Приоритет 802.1p (до 8 уровней) Support for many VLANs CFI 12 3 1

VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP): 

VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) A messaging system that advertises VLAN configuration information Maintains VLAN configuration consistency throughout a common administrative domain VTP sends advertisements on trunk ports only Support mixed media trunks (Fast Ethernet, FDDI, ATM) 1.“new vlan added” 3.Sync to the latest vlan information 2 VTP Domain “DEMO”

VTP Pruning: 

VTP Pruning Increases available bandwidth by reducing unnecessary flooded traffic Example: Station A sends broadcast, broadcast is only flooded toward any switch with ports assigned to the red VLAN Switch 4 Switch 2 Switch 6 Switch 3 Switch 1 Port 2 Flooded traffic is pruned Red VLAN Port 1 Switch 5 A B