Tourismasaneconomicd Riverinafrica

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Tourism as an economic driver in Africa: A social perspective : Tourism as an economic driver in Africa: A social perspective Lincoln H. Marshall, Ph.D. The George Washington University Washington, DC October 2002


QUESTIONS FOR TODAY: QUESTIONS FOR TODAY What are the global (USA) trends? What is happening with tourism in Africa? What are the social challenges? Casinos in Africa Solutions


Current Tourism Trends: Current Tourism Trends


Since Sept. 11, 2001…: Since Sept. 11, 2001… A “Triple Witching Hour” for Tourism The Aftermath of 9/11 A Languishing Economy A New Consumer


World Tourism Growth Forecasts: World Tourism Growth Forecasts World Arrivals: 937 million worldwide; (2010) and 1.6 billion worldwide (2020) Arrivals will grow annually 4.3% worldwide Tourists will spend US$2 trillion (2020). But still only 7% of world population Source: WEFA/WTTC


Regional Market Share: Regional Market Share France 71.4 mn Spain 52 mn Italy 36 mn China & HK 37.4 mn USA 47 mn Mexico 20.2 mn India 2.4 mn


ECONOMIC DRIVERS How will they interact to influence travel to Africa?: ECONOMIC DRIVERS How will they interact to influence travel to Africa? Political stability Stable economy Government support Local and foreign investors Accessibility to foreigner exchange Trained workforce


Tourism: The Good, The Bad and The Ugly: Tourism: The Good, The Bad and The Ugly The multiplier effect Economic injection Sex tourism AIDS / HIV transmission Demonstration effect Enthnocentrism


Casinos in Africa: Casinos in Africa Economic diversity Economic injection Improved suprastructure Prostitution Addiction Regulations Residents versus expatriates


The Tourism Recovery: The Tourism Recovery In 2002 travel volumes and expenditures will both increase slightly from 2001’s lowest levels Travel expenditures won’t reach 2000’s record levels until 2004 Source: TIA


POSSIBLE AFRICAN SOLUTIONS: POSSIBLE AFRICAN SOLUTIONS Appropriate tourism Sustainable tourism Residents involvement in the tourist product Effective regulatory bodies Diversification of tourism product Stable political and economic environment