Lecture01

Job Announcement: 

Job Announcement Looking for a horticulture student to help compile a list of plants resistant to emerald ash borer. $8.50/hr See me after class to apply.

Introduction to Arthropod Groups: 

Introduction to Arthropod Groups Entomology 340

What is Entomology?: 

The study of insects (and their near relatives). What is Entomology?

Species Diversity: 

PLANTS OTHER ANIMALS OTHER ARTHROPODS INSECTS Species Diversity

How Many Kinds Insects are there in the world?: 

1,000,000 species known Possibly 3,000,000 unidentified species How Many Kinds Insects are there in the world?

Insects & Relatives: 

Insects & Relatives 100,000 species in N America 1,000 in a typical backyard Mostly beneficial or harmless Pollination Food for birds and fish Produce honey, wax, shellac, silk Less than 3% are pests Destroy food crops, ornamentals Attack humans and pets Transmit disease

Classification of Japanese Beetle: 

Classification of Japanese Beetle Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Class Insecta Order Coleoptera Family Scarabaeidae Genus Popillia Species japonica

Arthropoda (jointed foot): 

Arthropoda (jointed foot) Arachnida -Spiders, Ticks, Mites, Scorpions Xiphosura -Horseshoe crabs Crustacea -Sowbugs, Pillbugs, Crabs, Shrimp Diplopoda - Millipedes Chilopoda - Centipedes Symphyla - Symphylans Insecta - Insects

Shared Characteristics of Phylum Arthropoda: 

- Segmented bodies are arranged into regions, called tagmata (in insects = head, thorax, abdomen). - Paired appendages (e.g., legs, antennae) are jointed. - Posess chitinous exoskeletion that must be shed during growth. - Have bilateral symmetry. - Nervous system is ventral (belly) and the circulatory system is open and dorsal (back). Shared Characteristics of Phylum Arthropoda

Arthropod Groups: 

Mouthpart characteristics are divided arthropods into two large groups Chelicerates (Scissors-like) Mandibulates (Pliers-like) Arthropod Groups

Arthropod Groups: 

Arthropod Groups Arachnida -Spiders, Ticks, Mites, Scorpions Xiphosura -Horseshoe crabs Crustacea -Sowbugs, Pillbugs, Crabs, Shrimp Diplopoda - Millipedes Chilopoda - Centipedes Symphyla - Symphylans Insecta - Insects Chelicerate Mandibulate

Chelicerate Arthropod Characteristics: 

Scissors or Pincher-like mouthparts - chelicerae - and pedipalps NO antennae Two body regions usually - cephalothorax & abdomen Four pairs of legs Horseshoe crabs and Arachnids (extant) Trilobytes, and Eurypterids (extinct) Chelicerate Arthropod Characteristics

Scorpion: 

Scorpion Scorpionida

Scorpion Anatomy: 

Scorpion Anatomy

Scorpion Head: 

chelicerae eyes pedipalp Scorpion Head

Orders of Arachnids: 

Scorpionida - scorpions Pseudoscorpionida - false scorpions Phalangida - daddy-long-legs or harvestmen Acari - mites & ticks Araneida - spiders Orders of Arachnids

Orders of Arachnids: 

Scorpion Tick (a mite) Pseudoscorpion Daddy-long-legs Wolf Spider Orders of Arachnids Scorpionida Pseudoscorpionida Acari Araneida Phalangida

Pseudoscorpion: 

Pseudoscorpion

Mite and Tick Body Regions: 

pedipalps & chelicerae cephalothorax abdomen Mite and Tick Body Regions

Common ticks: 

American dog tick male -Vectors Rocky mountain spotted fever Blacklegged (deer) tick female - Vectors Lyme disease Common ticks

Slide21: 

American dog tick female laying egg mass (1000-2000 eggs!).

Mites: 

Clover mites Twospotted spider mites Predatory mite Mites Velvet mite

Phalangids (daddy-long-legs): 

cephalothorax abdomen Phalangids (daddy-long-legs)

Spider Anatomy: 

pedipalp chelicera (fang) cephalothorax abdomen narrow waist Spider Anatomy

Slide25: 

Jumping Spider

Slide26: 

Wolf spider with egg case Spitting spider Tarantula Orbweaving spider

Dangerous Spiders: 

Black widow with egg case Brown recluse (fiddleback) Dangerous Spiders

Slide28: 

Mandibulate Arthropod Characters: Mouthparts are mandibles - normally chewing sideways One or two pairs of antennae Various body region arrangements - cephalothorax & abdomen / head & trunk / head, thorax & abdomen Variable leg numbers Insects, crustaceans & myriapods

Slide29: 

Crayfish cephalothorax (Decapoda) Sowbug (Isopoda), a terrestrial crustacean

Myriapods (3-closely related classes): 

Diplopod (Millipede) Two pair of legs per visible segment, attached under body. Symphyla (Symphyla)[garden centipede] No fangs, no eyes, legs attached to side of body. [one pair of antennae, head & trunk regions, trunk with many pairs of legs] Myriapods (3-closely related classes) Pair of fangs under head, one pair legs per visible segment - attached to side of body. Chilopod (Centipede)

Classes of Crustacea: 

mostly marine, fresh water, a few terrestrial two pair of antennae, five or more pairs of legs, segmented abdominal appendages, head & trunk or cephalothorax & abdomen body arrangement, have gills Isopoda - sowbugs or pillbugs Amphipoda - sand fleas, amphipods Cirripedia - barnicles Decapoda - crabs, lobster, shrimp several other minor orders Classes of Crustacea

Crustaceans: 

Crayfish cephalothorax (Decapoda) Sowbug (Isopoda), a terrestrial crustacean Crustaceans

Insects: 

Insects Head Thorax Abdomen

Acknowledgments: 

Acknowledgments This presentation was adapted from photographs and slides prepared by Dr. David Shetlar of The Ohio State University