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Diagnosing Plant Disorders : 

Diagnosing Plant Disorders Normal vs. abnormal Symptoms of abnormality Pattern of abnormality Sign of causal agent 7 insect damage categories

What is normal?- Form: 

What is normal?- Form Know your plant The balls at the tip of the twigs are the fruit of the baldcypress tree

What is normal?- Form: 

What is normal?- Form The abnormal bumps on these base of these spruce twigs are called galls

What is normal? -Color?: 

What is normal? -Color? Know your plant Yellow leaf of this coleus is a variety characteristic

What is normal? –Leaf Senescence: 

What is normal? –Leaf Senescence Know your plant Pine needles yellow before they drop Linden flower sepals yellow in August

Pattern of abnormality –Uniform discolor Abiotic Cause: 

Pattern of abnormality –Uniform discolor Abiotic Cause Tire tracks in turf

Pattern of abnormality –Clumped discolor Biotic Cause: 

Pattern of abnormality –Clumped discolor Biotic Cause Flagging from Dutch Elm Disease

Pattern of abnormality –Uniform curl: 

Pattern of abnormality –Uniform curl Wilted terminals On multiple species

Pattern of abnormality –Uniform curl: 

Pattern of abnormality –Uniform curl Wilted terminals On group of trees

Leaf Symptoms- Interveinal discoloration: 

Leaf Symptoms- Interveinal discoloration Pigment removed between leaf veins

Leaf Symptoms- Stippling: 

Leaf Symptoms- Stippling Specks of leaf tissue discolored

Leaf Symptoms- Discoloration: 

Leaf Symptoms- Discoloration Entire leaf is discolored

Leaf Symptoms- Defoliation= Parts missing: 

Leaf Symptoms- Defoliation= Parts missing Skeletonization (all veins remain) Complete defoliation (all leaf tissue consumed)

Leaf Symptoms- Leaf notching: 

Leaf Symptoms- Leaf notching Irregular pattern Circular pattern

Leaf Symptoms- Stunting distortion: 

Leaf Symptoms- Stunting distortion Stunted new growth

Leaf Symptoms- Scorch: 

Leaf Symptoms- Scorch

Leaf Symptoms- Galls: 

Leaf Symptoms- Galls

Leaf Symptoms- Leaf mining: 

Leaf Symptoms- Leaf mining

Trunk and branch symptoms- Dieback: 

Trunk and branch symptoms- Dieback

Trunk and branch symptoms- Holes: 

Trunk and branch symptoms- Holes Wood borers

Trunk and branch symptoms- Hollowed stems or petioles: 

Trunk and branch symptoms- Hollowed stems or petioles

Trunk and branch symptoms- Peeled bark: 

Trunk and branch symptoms- Peeled bark

Trunk and branch symptoms- Girdling: 

Trunk and branch symptoms- Girdling

Trunk symptoms Rows of holes in trunk: 

Trunk symptoms Rows of holes in trunk Sapsucker injury

Signs- Fruiting Bodies= Fungal Disease: 

Signs- Fruiting Bodies= Fungal Disease

Signs- The Insect Itself : 

Signs- The Insect Itself

Signs- Shed Insect Skin : 

Signs- Shed Insect Skin

Signs- Liquid Excrement of Sucking Insects and Sooty Mold: 

Signs- Liquid Excrement of Sucking Insects and Sooty Mold

Signs- Insect Webbing: 

Signs- Insect Webbing

Signs- Insect Excrement Pellets: 

Signs- Insect Excrement Pellets

Signs- Insect Eggs: 

Signs- Insect Eggs

How Insects Injure Plants: 

How Insects Injure Plants Discolor by sucking plant sap Distort by damaging growing tissues Lay eggs in plant (Oviposition) Defoliate by chewing Feed between upper and lower leaf surfaces Cut off vascular tissue by feeding in stems Transmit disease

Seven Categories of Insect and Mite Pests: 

Seven Categories of Insect and Mite Pests Agents of leaf distortion and discoloration Producers of honeydew, spittle, unsightly wax and insect remains Producers of bumps or swellings on twigs Defoliators Leaf miners Twig leader and trunk feeders Agents of disease transmission and rapid decline