Metro Optical Networking - Trend & Technologies- Nov. 2001 Jangwoo Son E-mail) son@netmanais.com, PCS) 016-460-5747, URL) http://www.netmanais.com : Metro Optical Networking - Trend & Technologies- Nov. 2001 Jangwoo Son E-mail) son@netmanais.com, PCS) 016-460-5747, URL) http://www.netmanais.com
Contents : Contents Hot Spot = Metro, Why?
Technical consideration
Problem of SONET
Alternatives
Metro Optical Ethernet
RPR
Next Generation SONET
Metro DWDM
Metro Market Forecast
M&A trend
Key Technologies
Major player
Summary 대전 전주 대구 부산 원주 Metro
Core CO
(광화문) CO
(여의도) CO
(강남) (혜화) CO
(일산) POP 서울 POP 광주 Metro/Regional Network Backbone Network Global Internet POP POP POP POP POP POP POP: backbone 접속점 Metro
Access access Network
Internet Big Picture : Internet Big Picture Metro POP CO Metro Core
(Interoffice) Access
(“last mile”) Backbone
(Long-haul) 전화선, HFC, FTTX
TDM(copper, T1/T3)
SONET
CWDM/DWDM
Wireless
Free space optic Single-E User Contents Customer
Premise 분산화 MDU(Apart)/MHU MDU:
T1/T3, GE, POS, ATM PPP,FR/HDLC(T1/T3)
xDSL
POS
ATM
MPLS
GE/10GE
RPR
NG-SONET POS
ATM
MPLS
GE/10GE
RPR
NG-SONET POS
ATM
MPLS
10GBE
MPS Area Transport
Network Data
Network Enterprise Home MTU Residential xDSL
CM
Ether. T1/E1
xDSL
Ether. Ether. Res.: Dialup, xDSL
CM, GE,xPON Ether. xDSL
Ether. SONET
CWDM
Metro DWDM SONET
Long-haul DWDM LAN MTU 구내배선:
Copper
UTP(10%)
Fiber(5%) Edge Metro Core
(interoffice) CO CO Business Residential IP Core IP aggregation IP access IP aggregation IP access Residential Global Internet
or Other ISP Business SDU Gear:
Edge Router
ATM Switch
MPLS Router
10GBE Switch
RPR node
MSPP node Gear:
Core Router
ATM Switch
MPLS Router
10GBE Switch
MPS node FLC
DSLAM
L2/3. DSLAM
L2/3.
(FLC) fiber fiber Copper/fiber(10%, MTU) Metro Core
(interoffice) In-building In-building Function DSLAM Backbone
(InterCity) Metro POP Metro POP
Internet Performance 병목구간은?, 먼저… : Metro Internet Performance 병목구간은?, 먼저… Backbone CO CO Business Residential Business Residential Global Internet
or Other ISP 먼저, Enterprise LAN은
Gigabit Ethernet의 도입 사용자당 100Mbps, 스위치와 스위치간, 스위치와 서버간 1Gbps
Residential access
xDSL, Cable Modem 도입 사용자당 수 Mbps Metro POP Metro POP Metro
Backbone은 ? : Backbone은 ? Metro Backbone CO CO Business Residential Business Residential Metro POP Metro POP Metro
Metro는? : Metro는? Metro Backbone CO CO Business Residential Business Residential Metro POP Metro POP Metro IP access & aggregation Copper/Fiber IP VT/SONET Lanza(Mayan) says, “Traffic races over gigabit networks inside office buildings and within the Internet core, but when it travels between them it has to squeeze through a copper line-and that line is turtle-slow”
Young(Yipes) says, “Your data leaves your office going nice and fast, hits the local phone company and turns into a snail, then takes off again when it reaches the backbone—until it hits the next phone company” nDS0, T1, T3 Leased line
(64K, 256K, 516K, 1.544M,2.048M, 45M) TDM-based SONET
그렇다면, Bottleneck은? : 그렇다면, Bottleneck은? Metro Backbone CO CO Business Residential Business Residential Metro POP Metro POP Metro nDS0, T1, T3 Leased line
(64K, 256K, 516K, 1.544M,
2.048M, 45M)
TDM-based SONET Enterprise: GE 도입 Fast (Gigabit) backbone
IP/DWDM, TSR
OADM, OXC, OPS
Fast (Gigabit/Terabit) Residential
Cable, xDSL, and
Broadband Wireless
Fast (Mbps/user)
새로운 MAN 응용의 출현 : 새로운 MAN 응용의 출현 Metro Backbone CO CO Business Residential Business Residential Metro POP Metro Contents
(localization) Legacy application:
Web server, Co-location,
Global Internet access
New application의 출현:
ASP, CSP, DBSP Metro POP
그렇다면, 현재 MAN은 왜 이 모양인가? : 그렇다면, 현재 MAN은 왜 이 모양인가? 현재, Business Internet access, private line은 SONET/SDH 기반 전송망을 이용하는 데, 이 SONET/SDH망의 문제는
Circuit switching/TDM, BW allocation flexibility
Upgrade ?, Long lead time
원래 SONET/SDH망은… : 원래 SONET/SDH망은… SONET/SDH network Voice traffic
(64Kbps,
continuous stream) Data traffic
(Bursy) Ok! ? CODEC CODEC CODEC CODEC TDM … … … Analog Voice 1 Analog Voice 24 CH1 CH2 CH3 CH23 CH24 - - - T1 frame (125sec) PCM
(64Kbps) SONET은 TDM channel상으로 Voice Traffic을 전달할 목적으로 설계되었다.(Time division multiplexing, Circuit switching)
Problem (1): Circuit switching/TDM 비효율적이다! : Problem (1): Circuit switching/TDM 비효율적이다!
Problem (2): Circuit switching/TDM 고가다! : Problem (2): Circuit switching/TDM 고가다!
Problem (3): Ethernet계위와 SONET계위 : Problem (3): Ethernet계위와 SONET계위 DS1(1.5M) DS3
(45M) OC3
(155M) CODEC CODEC CODEC CODEC TDM … … … Analog Voice 1 Analog Voice 24 CH1 CH2 CH3 CH23 CH24 - - - T1 frame (125sec)
1.544Mbps PCM
64Kbps DS1(1.5M) DS3
(45M) OC3
(155M) E: 10Mbps FE: 100Mbps SONET 계위 Ethernet 계위 ? Data Traffic (LAN 94% = Ethernet) Voice Traffic (64Kbps PCM) 24
DS0 CHs 28xDS1
= 672
DS0 CHs 3xDS3
= 2,016
DS0 CHs
SONET망으로 Data traffic을 전달하는 것은 … : SONET망으로 Data traffic을 전달하는 것은 … SONET/SDH network Voice traffic
(64Kbps,
continuous stream) Data traffic
(Bursy) Ok! ? 적합치 않다.! 비효율적이다 : Bursty data traffic을 TDM방식으로 서비스하는 것은 대역폭의 낭비를 가지고 온다.
고가이다: TDM circuit을 독점하며 다른 사용자의 트래픽과 통계적 다중화가 되지 않으므로! 따라서 링크 대역폭당 가용 사용자수가 적다. (T1~200만원/월, T3~5,000만원/월)
Ethernet 계위와 SONET/SDH계위가 맞지 않는다: 10Mbps 전용선을 원하는 경우 45Mbps T3 line을 써야 한다.
더군다나… : Data traffic의 폭증 : 더군다나… : Data traffic의 폭증
Problem (4): Upgrade ? : Problem (4): Upgrade ? OC12/48
ADM DWDM
Ring OC12
ADM WDM
MUX 1. Replace all ADMs: OC12OC48 2. Deploy another Ring 3. Deploy DWDM All the solution high cost
Problem (5): Long lead time (수주-수개월) : Problem (5): Long lead time (수주-수개월) T1 1 28 … SONET access Ring
e.g. OC3(155Mbps) 2 3 T3 … Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet M13 MUX Ex) Multitenant office buildings
Problem (5): Long lead time (수주-수개월) : Problem (5): Long lead time (수주-수개월)
어떻하지….. : 어떻하지….. Metro Backbone CO CO Business Residential Business Residential Metro POP Contents
(localization) * Localized Contents
* News SP: ASP, CSP,
Internet Broadcasting,
Game portal, Education Metro POP Internet InternetAccess LAN-to-LAN interconnection xSPAccess 허걱 … TDM-based SONET인데… Mbps/user Gigabit Ethernet Metro Traffic Metro
New Enabling Technologies for Metro : New Enabling Technologies for Metro Metro Backbone CO CO Business Residential Business Residential Metro POP Metro POP Metro
Metro Optical Networking Market (1) : Metro Optical Networking Market (1) Metro Networks: The New Hotspot
Infonetics Research, April 2001.
Metro Product Type Considered:
Service provider core equipment
Service provider edge equipment
Metro core and regional optical equipment
(Switching, Transport)
Metro edge optical equipment
(Multi-service optical access,
Last mile concentrator, switching)
Last mile optical equipment
(SONET, DWDM, Ethernet, PON)
LAN equipment for content control
Metro Optical Networking Market (2) : Metro Optical Networking Market (2) Metro Optical Networks:
The Emerging Technology Battleground,
PioneerConsulting, May 2001.
Metro Optical Networking Market (3) : Metro Optical Networking Market (3) Worldwide Ethernet MAN Revenue by Region,
2001-2005 The Ethernet MAN Opportunity,
Gartner Dataquest, July 2001 Analysts at Gartner, Inc. recently projected that Ethernet MAN revenues will approach $50 billion worldwide by 2005, when more than 20 percent of mid- and large-sized businesses are likely to have Ethernet MAN or wide area network (WAN) connectivity. "Ethernet is poised to do to metropolitan area networks (MANs) what it did to LANs in the 1990s: Ethernet-based MANs have the potential to overcome high-cost extra-office connectivity bottlenecks," according to the Gartner report
Metro Optical Networking Market (4) : Metro Optical Networking Market (4) Gigabit Ethernet:
Equipment and
Service Opportunities
in Multiple Markets,
PioneerConsulting, Oct. 31 2001.
Ethernet is evolving beyond its LAN roots and will continue to develop into an important networking technology, penetrating an increasing number of markets — Access, Metro Area Network (MAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN) — throughout major regions of the world. Pioneer Consulting predicts steady worldwide growth for Ethernet equipment suppliers over the next five years with the Gigabit Ethernet market expected to reach $44 billion (USD) by 2005.
Acquisition Trend : Acquisition Trend 비고) 1999년 Hot acquisition Gigabit/Terabit Router
1999년 4월: Ericsson, Torrent 인수
1999년 6월: Siemens, Argon 인수
1999년 6월: Lucent, Nexabit 인수
1999년 6월: Tellabs, Netcore 인수
현재: 교통정리완료
Cisco Juniper > Avici, Nortel, Ericsson, Pluris, Ironbridge, Charlotte
VC Funding by Ethernet Sector : VC Funding by Ethernet Sector Source: OpticalOracle VC pumped $3.67 billion into Metro Networks over the past 2 years (2000-2001)
Trend = Metro : Trend = Metro Technical View
Market Forecast
Acquisition Trend
VC 대전 전주 대구 부산 원주 Metro
Core CO
(광화문) CO
(여의도) CO
(강남) (혜화) CO
(일산) POP 서울 POP 광주 Metro/Regional Network Backbone Network Global Internet POP POP POP POP POP POP POP: backbone 접속점 Metro
Access access Network
Major player : Major player
Market share (Market Leader) : Market share (Market Leader) Metro Optical Ethernet
Infonetics: Riverstone
OpticalOracle:
Rivertone, Extreme, Foundry, Juniper, Cisco
Next-Generation SONET
IDC
Cisco, Nortel, Redback, Hujitsu
Metro DWDM
Dell’Oro
ONI, Ciena, Cisco, Nortel, Sycamore Source: IDC Corp
Major ESP (Ethernet Service Provider) : Major ESP (Ethernet Service Provider)
Emerging Customer Market Segment: MxU : Emerging Customer Market Segment: MxU Metro POP CO Metro Core
(Interoffice) Access
(“last mile”) Backbone
(Long-haul) 전화선, HFC, FTTX
TDM(copper, T1/T3)
SONET
CWDM/DWDM
Wireless
Free space optic Single-E User Contents Customer
Premise 분산화 MDU:
T1/T3, GE, POS, ATM PPP,FR/HDLC(T1/T3)
xDSL
POS(S)
ATM(T/S)
MPLS
GE/10GE(T/S)
RPR(S)
Multiservice SONET POS
ATM
MPLS
GE/10GE
RPR
Multiservice SONET POS
ATM
MPLS
10GBE
MPS Area Transport
Network Data
Network Enterprise Home Residential xDSL
CM
Ether. T1/E1
xDSL
Ether. Ether. Res.: Dialup, xDSL
CM, GE,xPON Ether. xDSL
Ether. SONET
CWDM
Metro DWDM SONET
Long-haul DWDM LAN MTU 구내배선:
Copper
UTP(10%)
Fiber(5%) Edge Metro Core
(interoffice) CO CO Business Residential IP Core IP aggregation IP access IP aggregation IP access Residential Global Internet
or Other ISP Business SDU Gear:
Edge Router
ATM Switch
MPLS Router
10GBE Switch
RPR node
MSPP node Gear:
Core Router
ATM Switch
MPLS Router
10GBE Switch
MPS node FLC
DSLAM
L2/3. DSLAM
L2/3.
(FLC) fiber fiber Copper/fiber(10%, MTU) Metro Core
(interoffice) In-building In-building Function DSLAM Backbone
(InterCity) Metro POP Metro POP MDU(Apart), MHU MTU
Emerging MxU Market source: CIR : Emerging MxU Market source: CIR MDU: Multi-Dwelling Unit
MHU: Multi-Hospitality Unit
MTU: Multi-Tenant Unit
MTU Market Estimation source: CIR : MTU Market Estimation source: CIR
MDU Market Estimation : MDU Market Estimation
MHU Market Estimation : MHU Market Estimation
Summary : Summary Metro POP CO Metro Core
(Interoffice) Access
(“last mile”) Backbone
(Long-haul) 전화선, HFC, FTTX
TDM(copper, T1/T3)
SONET
CWDM/DWDM
Wireless
Free space optic Single-E User Contents Customer
Premise 분산화 MDU:
T1/T3, GE, POS, ATM PPP,FR/HDLC(T1/T3)
xDSL
POS
ATM
MPLS
GE/10GE
RPR
NG-SONET POS
ATM
MPLS
GE/10GE
RPR
NG-SONET POS
ATM
MPLS
10GBE
MPS Area Transport
Network Data
Network Enterprise Home Residential xDSL
CM
Ether. T1/E1
xDSL
Ether. Ether. Res.: Dialup, xDSL
CM, GE,xPON Ether. xDSL
Ether. SONET
CWDM
Metro DWDM SONET
Long-haul DWDM LAN MTU 구내배선:
Copper
UTP(10%)
Fiber(5%) Edge Metro Core
(interoffice) CO CO Business Residential IP Core IP aggregation IP access IP aggregation IP access Residential Global Internet
or Other ISP Business SDU Gear:
Edge Router
ATM Switch
MPLS Router
10GBE Switch
RPR node
MSPP node Gear:
Core Router
ATM Switch
MPLS Router
10GBE Switch
MPS node FLC
DSLAM
L2/3. DSLAM
L2/3.
(FLC) fiber fiber Copper/fiber(10%, MTU) Metro Core
(interoffice) In-building In-building Function DSLAM Backbone
(InterCity) Metro POP Metro POP MDU(Apart), MHU MTU
Slide37 : Part II
Technologies
Next-Generation Metro Network : Next-Generation Metro Network Metro Backbone CO CO Business Residential Business Residential Metro POP Metro POP Metro
Key Metro Technologies : Key Metro Technologies Rate-limiting
Dynamic Provisioning
Wire-speed performance
QoS (Quality of Service)
Billing
Network Management
MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching)
RPR (Resilient Packet Ring)
EOS (Ethernet over SONET)
10Gigabit Ethernet
WDM metro core and access
Scalability
VPN
Security
Metro Optical Ethernet : Metro Optical Ethernet Network Architecture & Service Internet Backbone
(Private) 10/100 Cat5 or fiber LAN LAN LAN MTU Access (Ring) Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU 10/100 LAN LAN LAN MTU Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU 100M LAN LAN MTU GSR IDC Metro Core
(Ring or Mesh) Access (star) Ethernet over dark fiber Dark fiber
(~70Km) Ethernet
Switch (L2/L3) Extremely simple architecture
Comparison : Dark Fiber Comparison T1 LAN LAN 10/100 LAN LAN LAN LAN T1 POP
Aggregation
router T1 FLC FLC CSU CSU WAN Router ADM ADM SONET/SDH Ring Internet POP
Core
router GbE Ethernet
switch Ethernet
switch Internet POP
Core
router GbE GbE/100Fx GbE/100Fx MTU Single
Enterprise MTU Single
Enterprise
Ethernet over SONET : Ethernet over SONET ESP가 inter-city Ethernet VPN service를 제공하려는 경우
Metro 사업자가 legacy SONET infra를 가지고 있는 경우
Protocol conversion없이 Ethernet connectivity를 제공
Eliminate extensive IP Address Administration
Eliminate IP hop to reduce latency
Ethernet over SONET using PPP(rfc1638/2878): Foundry, Extreme, Riverstone
Ethernet over SONET : Ethernet over SONET Network Architecture & Service Internet Backbone
(Private) 10/100 Cat5 or fiber LAN LAN LAN MTU Access (Ring) Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU 10/100 LAN LAN LAN MTU Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU 100M LAN LAN MTU GSR IDC Access (star) Metro Core
Existing SONET Ring EOS interface Ethernet over SONET
Ethernet over SONET : Ethernet over SONET Metro/Wide Area
SONET backbone Ethernet
Network Customer 1
(VLAN 100) Customer 2
(VLAN 200) Ethernet
Network Customer 1
(VLAN 100) Customer 2
(VLAN 200) Point-to-point
SONET Circuit POS interface Ethernet IP Routing Network
Ethernet over SONET : Ethernet over SONET Ethernet switching Network Metro/Wide Area
SONET backbone Ethernet
Network Customer 1
(VLAN 100) Customer 2
(VLAN 200) Ethernet
Network Customer 1
(VLAN 100) Customer 2
(VLAN 200) Ethernet
Network Customer 1
(VLAN 100) Customer 2
(VLAN 200) Point-to-point
SONET Circuit EOS interface
Next Generation SONET : Next Generation SONET Ethernet & TDM over SONET Pkt muxing TDM muxing Voice SONET framing Appian OSAP4800
Lucent DMX
Native networks
Cisco ONS15454
Redback SE800
Ciena K2 SONET guy들이 data interface(Ethernet)를
SONET gear에 흡수하고 statistical multiplexing을
지원함으로써 기존의 TDM service와 더불어
효율적인 IP data service를 지원함.
Cisco ONS 15454 : Cisco ONS 15454 ONS15454
= SONET ADM + DCS +
Ethernet switch + ATM switch
+ DWDM OADM
Customer Interface
- 10/100, GbE
- TDM, ATM, OC-n
Network Interface
- OC12/48/192
Network-side BW
- STS-1, STS-3c,
STS-6c, STS-12c
L2
sw L2
sw TDM STS-n mux/demux EoS EoS STS-nc STS-nc 10/100 GbE TDM
ATM OC48/192
SONET Ring
Point-to-point circuit vs. shared circuit : Point-to-point circuit vs. shared circuit ONS15454 L2/L3,
Router 10/100 or GbE STS-1 GbE ONS15454 L2/L3,
Router 10/100 or GbE STS-3c
shared circuit GbE Dedicated point-to-point circuit Shared packet ring circuit (L2 SW) HUB site HUB site OC12
(OC48/OC192)
STS-3c: Shared circuit
(Ethernet) STS-3 STS-3 STS-3 OC12
(OC48/OC192) STS-3 STS-3 STS-3 STS-3 STS-1(52M): Ethernet VLAN Other service: TDM, ATM B-A, C-A, D-A Other service: TDM, ATM STS-1 STS-1 VLAN
Rate-limiting : Rate-limiting ONS15454 L3 SW,
Router
(2948G) 125M Customer A (25M) Customer B (100M) Customer C (15M) Customer D (35M) Customer E (12M) Customer F (60M) 50M 72M (1) Rate-limiting: per-node (2) Rate-limiting: per-customer HUB site L3 SW,
Router
(2948G) A Shared STS-6c (310Mbps) circuit
Lucent solution : Lucent solution POP
Core router Ethernet E1 Transport Network
(SONET and/or DWDM) POP
Core router Ethernet (10/100) Virtual Concatenation
(Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme)
2,4,6,8,10,50, 100 E1 E1 No WAN Router and DSU/CSU Transport Network
(SONET and/or DWDM) GbE GbE POP
Core router Ethernet GbE Ethernet E1 4*E1 5*E1 Statistical multiplexing 2M-100MbE EOS
Differences : Differences E1 POP
Aggregation
router E1 POP
Aggregation
router E1 IMA or ML-PPP Ethernet Ingress rate-limiting POP
Core router Ethernet Virtual Concatenation
(Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme) Transport Network
(SONET and/or DWDM) E1 E1 Transport Network
(SONET and/or DWDM) Ethernet Transport Network E1 E1 POP
Core router TDM-based SONET Ethernet over dark fiber Ethernet over SONET E1 E1 Transport Network
(SONET and/or DWDM)
Appian solution : Appian solution 1. 전용회선 서비스
Appian solution : Appian solution 1. MTU 인터넷 액세스 서비스
RPR (Resilient Packet Ring) : RPR (Resilient Packet Ring) Ethernet: Ring에 취약
Fairness, Restoration (RSTP, EAPS)
NG SONET:
SONET circuit (STS-n)을 data traffic용과 Voice traffic용으로 구분하고 Data traffic을 통계적 다중화함으로써 SONET 용량을 효율적으로 사용할 수 있게 해줌.
TDM/SONET의 한계는 여전히 존재
RPR (Resilient Packet Ring)
RPR (Resilient Packet Ring) : RPR (Resilient Packet Ring) IEEE 802.17 RPRWG(dec. 2000), 표준화 완료: 2003 Q1
Resilient Packet Ring Access Protocol for use in LAN, MAN and WAN for transfer data packets at rates scalable to many gigabits per second.
RPR MAC over Ethernet phy, SONET, WDM
Motivation
Ethernet : Restoration, No BW allocation for nodes on the Ring
SONET: Static point–to-point circuit between ring nodes ~ inefficiency, High-cost
RPR TDM muxing Voice SONET framing Ether-
Net Phy
RPR features : RPR features Dual counter rotating ring:
both ring carry traffic all of the time
no reserved protection BW.
Media Independency:
OC48c/OC192c SONET/SDH
1GbE/10GbE Ethernet
Plug and play
Destination-striping of variable length unicast packets (Spatial reuse)
Distributed BW management and congestion control
Protection mechanism
< 50msec
Warring
COS
RPR features : RPR features Rx Tx Ethernet Switch
or IP Router RPR node SONET
RING Standard Ethernet frame RPR packet RPR
node RPR
node RPR
node
RPR Network architecture : RPR Network architecture Traditional
TDM
customer RPR RPR RPR RPR OC3/OC48 OC12/OC192 STS-3Xc
RPR virtual Ring EOS EOS Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet POS
MPLS : MPLS Network Architecture & Service Internet Backbone
(Private) 10/100 Cat5 or fiber LAN LAN LAN MTU Access (Ring) Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU 10/100 LAN LAN LAN MTU Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU 100M LAN LAN MTU GSR IDC Access (star) Metro Core
MPLS network Ethernet over MPLS
Metro DWDM : Metro DWDM Network Architecture & Service Internet Backbone
(Private) 10/100 Cat5 or fiber LAN LAN LAN MTU Access (Ring) Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU 10/100 LAN LAN LAN MTU Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU 100M LAN LAN MTU GSR IDC Access (star) Metro Core
DWDM Ring Ethernet
interface EoD Ethernet over dark
(Star or Mesh)
Slide61 : Part III
Metro
optical Ethernet
Current Metro Access and Core network : Current Metro Access and Core network Router Ethernet T1 PBX T1 MTU SONET
ADM DCS TDM-based (Cisco, Juniper) AR ES CR DCS Voice
Switch SONET
ADM PSTN Internet POS OC12 POS OC48/192 GbE Channelized
T3/STM-1/OC12
(T1: 28/ /336) CH-T3 CO Metro POP OC-3/12 OC-48 DSU/
CSU Voice:STM Data:STM Voice:STM Data:STM Router Ethernet T1 PBX T1 MTU SONET
ADM IP Router-based (Cisco, Juniper) Edge Router ES CR DCS Voice
Switch SONET
ADM PSTN Internet POS OC12 POS OC48/192 GbE Channelized
T3/STM-1/OC12
(T1: 28/ /336) CH-T3 CO Metro POP OC-3/12 OC-48 DSU/
CSU Voice:STM Data:VT-TDM Voice:STM Data:POS IP Voice
VT VT
TDM Muxing
SONET/SDH IP Voice
VT VT
TDM Muxing
SONET/SDH IP Voice
VT
SONET/SDH
Current Metro Access and Core network : Current Metro Access and Core network FLC
(RT) DSU/
CSU Router Ethernet Class5 PSTN Internet T1 PBX T1 CO Metro POP OC-3/12 OC-48 MTU FLC
(RT) ATM OC-3/12 MDU POTS only POTS + ADSL DLC ATM SW FLC (COT) FLC (COT) WB-DCS ADM Voice:STM Data:ATM Voice switch ATM
SW ATM
Router Ethernet
SW Gateway
Router RAS ADM ATM-based (NewBridge) Voice:STM Data:ATM Voice:STM Data:ATM Class5 PSTN Internet CO Metro POP OC-48 Home POTS only POTS + ADSL FLC (COT) WB-DCS ADM Voice switch ATM
SW ATM
Router Ethernet
SW Gateway
Router RAS ADM Voice:STM Data:ATM DSLAM DSLAM IP Voice
ATM Muxing VT
TDM Muxing
SONET/SDH
Problem of Current Metro : Problem of Current Metro Transport : SONET/SDH
Expensive, Inefficient for Data, Upgrade, Long Lead Time.
Switching/Multiplexing: ATM
Expensive, Scalability(622M), Cell Tax (25%)
Routing: POS
Expensive, L3 routing hop, IP administration
Overlay architecture: IP/ATM/SONET
Complex Management and operation
Enterprise Access : TDM-based
Performance bottleneck
Requirements for Residential and MxU service : Requirements for Residential and MxU service Customer
Low access charge
High-speed and secure-access
Dynamic BW provisioning
Service Providers want (Cost reduction and Revenue generation)
Reducing total cost of ownership
Simplicity (reduce the operation-cost)
IP-based single network platform providing various service: Data, Voice and Video
End-to-end solutions
Easy deployment, installation, management and operation
Maintenance: Remote monitoring/maintenance operation/troubleshooting, statistics accounting for billing purpose.
99.999% availability
Scalability (10M-100M-1G-10Gbps)
Standard and interoperable (Operate multi-vendor networks)
Managed BW service
Value-added service through Differenciated Services
Metro access for long-haul networks (for Inter-city VPN service)
Ethernet Invasion : Ethernet Invasion MxU LAN LAN MxU MAN MAN WAN Low cost : CapEx, opEx
Network capacity scalability: 1GbE, 10GbE, CWDM (4GbE), DWDM (Tens of GbE)
Scalable: 10-100-1000-10,000 Mbps
Large pool of trained network administrators
Full duplex/Symmetrical/Easy to use
Versatile — can support IP services
94%=Ethernet High-speed, low cost access Ethernet switching and
Transport network 10GbE with DWDM Ethernet end-to-end
Metro optical Ethernet : Metro optical Ethernet Metro Optical Ethernet
No ATM and/or SONET gear required !
Optical IP/Ethernet-based network (Fiber to the MTU/Customer)
Ethernet packet-switching Network (L2/L3)
Rate-limiting/guaranteeing service: 1M,2M,…,100M,110,…1000Mbps
Dynamic, Real-time, web-based and self-BW provisioning
Cost-effective (망구축 및 운영 비용)
Low service charge: $1000/100Mbps/Month (Cogent)
Target service: LAN-interconnection, Internet access, xSP access
Advantages
Cheap
Easy to maintain and operate
Statistical multiplexing (cf. SONET)
Seamless Internetworking (No protocol conversion)
Scalability (10GbE)
Fast/Dynamic Provisioning
BW Granularity(++1M)
Network Architecture & Service : Network Architecture & Service Network Architecture & Service PSTN Internet Backbone
(Private) 10/100 Cat5 or fiber LAN LAN LAN MTU Access (Ring) Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU 10/100 LAN LAN LAN MTU Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU 100M LAN LAN MTU GSR IDC GateWay ASP/DBSP/CSP,
Internet
Broadcasting
Center,
Game portal BLEC
Intellispace
Urban Media Metro Core Access (star) Ethernet MAN access Ethernet Aggregation Ethernet VPN Dark fiber Rate-limiting Packet classification 802.1p/q 802.1p/q Retail
service provider
싸다! : 싸다! Ethernet Switch 가격
전세계 LAN port의 94%가 Ethernet
대량생산으로 인한 부품, 칩 가격의 하락
ATM switch, SONET 장비, POS i/f에 비해 장비가격이 1/8정도 저렴
Metro Optical Ethernet Network 구축 비용
비싼 ATM과 SONET장비가 필요없다.
Ethernet Switch들을 Dark Fiber로 연결
Overlay 구조를 피함으로써 운영비용의 절감
Network Deployment Cost : Network Deployment Cost
Average Selling Price per Gbps : Average Selling Price per Gbps POS vs. Ethernet Source: DellOro Nov. 2000
Metro Optical Ethernet Network 구조 : Metro Optical Ethernet Network 구조 Metro Core
Network Metro Access
Network MTU Internet MTU
(KTB빌딩) MTU
(거평빌딩) Dark Fiber
(Ring or Star) Ethernet
Switch (L2/L3) Dark Fiber
(Ring, Star or Mesh) ASP/CSP/DBSP/Co-location/IDC Customer MTU MTU MTU Dark Fiber
(Ring, Star) Node
(영동국사) Node
(구로국사) Node
(목동국사) Node
(신촌국사) Metro POP
(혜화국사) ASP/CSP/DBSP/
Co-location/IDC Customer 강남구 서대문구 서울시
Metro Optical Ethernet Service구축 : Metro Optical Ethernet Service구축 Metro Core
Network Node
(영동국사) Node
(구로국사) Node
(목동국사) Node
(신촌국사) Metro POP
(혜화국사) 서울시 (1) Metro내에
Main Node 선정
Metro Optical Ethernet Service구축 : Metro Optical Ethernet Service구축 Metro Core
Network (2) Ethernet
Switch (L2/L3) (3) Dark Fiber
(Ring, Star or Mesh) Node
(영동국사) Node
(구로국사) Node
(목동국사) Node
(신촌국사) Metro POP
(혜화국사) 서울시
Metro Optical Ethernet Service구축 : Metro Optical Ethernet Service구축 Metro Core
Network Metro Access
Network MTU MTU
(KTB빌딩) MTU
(거평빌딩) Ethernet
Switch (L2/L3) Customer MTU MTU MTU Node
(영동국사) Node
(목동국사) Customer 강남구 서대문구 (4) 각 노드가 Service할
MTU 선정 (시내권역별)
Metro Optical Ethernet Service구축 : Metro Optical Ethernet Service구축 Metro Core
Network Metro Access
Network MTU MTU
(KTB빌딩) MTU
(거평빌딩) (6) Dark Fiber
(Ring, Star) (5)Ethernet
Switch (L2/L3) Dark Fiber
(Ring, Star, Mesh) Customer MTU MTU MTU Dark Fiber
(Ring, Star) Node
(영동국사) Node
(구로국사) Node
(목동국사) Node
(신촌국사) Metro POP
(혜화국사) Customer 강남구 서대문구 서울시
Metro Optical Ethernet Service구축 : Metro Optical Ethernet Service구축 Metro Core
Network Metro Access
Network MTU (6) Internet MTU
(KTB빌딩) MTU
(거평빌딩) Dark Fiber
(Ring, Star) Ethernet
Switch (L2/L3) Dark Fiber
(Ring, Star, Mesh) (7) ASP/CSP/DBSP/Co-location/IDC Customer MTU MTU MTU Dark Fiber
(Ring, Star) Node
(영동국사) Node
(구로국사) Node
(목동국사) Node
(신촌국사) Metro POP
(혜화국사) (7) ASP/CSP/DBSP/
Co-location/IDC Customer 강남구 서대문구 서울시 Metro Optical
Ethernet Network
구축 완료
service !!!
Metro Optical Ethernet Service : Metro Optical Ethernet Service Metro Core
Network Metro Access
Network MTU Internet MTU
(KTB빌딩) MTU
(거평빌딩) Dark Fiber
(Ring or Star) Ethernet
Switch (L2/L3) Dark Fiber
(Ring, Star or Mesh) ASP/CSP/DBSP/Co-location/IDC Customer MTU MTU MTU Dark Fiber
(Ring, Star) Node
(영동국사) Node
(구로국사) Node
(목동국사) Node
(신촌국사) Metro POP
(혜화국사) ASP/CSP/DBSP/
Co-location/IDC Customer 강남구 서대문구 서울시
Network 구축비용 예 : Network 구축비용 예 Metro Core
Network Metro Access
Network Internet 10 customer/MTU 50 MTU/access network 5 Node/Core Ring Total
250 MTUs
2,500 customers
200Mbps/MTU guarantee (access rate)
20 Mbps/customer guarantee (access rate) Node Node Node Node Metro POP Sample
Network MTU MTU MTU
Topology : Topology Metro Core
Network Metro Access
Network Internet Ave. 40Km < 3~5Km
Topology : Topology Metro Core Network Metro Access Network Ave. 40Km < 3~5Km 1) Star 2) Ring 1) Star 2) Ring 3) Mesh GbE GbE GbE GbE GbE GbE GbE GbE GbE GbE GbE GbE GbE
Sample Topology : Sample Topology Metro Core
2~4Gbps Ring Metro Access
1 Gbps Ring MTU Internet MTU MTU MTU MTU Access Ring #1 Access Ring #10 … 10 customer/MTU 5 MTU/access Ring 10 access Ring/NODE 5 NODE/Core Ring Customer
Monthly Fee : Monthly Fee Metro Core Ring Metro
Access Ring MTU Internet MTU MTU MTU MTU Access Ring #1 Access Ring #10 … 10 customer/MTU 5 MTU/access Ring 10 access Ring/POP 5 POP/Core Ring Customer
New Enabling Technologies : New Enabling Technologies Dynamic BW provisioning
Rate-limiting
VLAN
QoS: L2-L4 classification, 802.1p priority queueing, Diff-serv, MPLS
Security: VLAN, ACL, NAT (Telseon, Yipes, Xo)
MPLS: Scalability, Traffic mgt, Interworking, QoS, restoration
Restoration: 802.1w RSTP, ietf MPLS, 802.17 RPR
Management
Packet-based Billing
New standard
10 Gigabit Ethernet (ieee 802.3ae)
EFM
RSTP : 802.1w
Ethernet Evolution : Ethernet Evolution Native Ethernet
(LAN) The 1st Generation
Metro Optical Ethernet The 2nd Generation
Metro Optical Ethernet BW guarantee(CO)
= Ingress rate-limiting (UPC)
+ 802.1q VLAN (Connection)
+ 802.1p priority queueing Switch architecture
H/W-based wire-speed L2/L3
forwarding,queueing and scheduling CoS/QoS
Diff-serv to 802.1p mapping Resiliency/Restoration
RSTP, EAPS, RRSTP (<1sec) No BW guarantee(CL)
Resiliency
STP (30sec)
P-to-P, Mesh topologies
Short range Optics
1000BaseLX (5Km) Geographic limitation
Ethernet LAN No CoS/QoS
End-to-end BW guarantee(CO)
= Ingress rate-limiting (UPC)
+ MPLS LSP
(Per-LSP BW reservation) Switch architecture
H/W-based wire-speed MPLS
forwarding, queueing and scheduling MPLS CoS/QoS
802.1p/TOS/Diff-serv/port #
to Exp/CoS or LSP Resiliency/Restoration
MPLS fast reroute (100msec) Ring: RPR (802.17)
- SRP
- Restoration (<50msec)
- Fair ring-access
- Statistical BW sharing Long range optics
BGIC/CWDM/DWDM Geographic limitation
Ethernet WAN 10 Gigabit Ethernet/40GbE Real-time/Web-based/
Self-provisioning VoIP Usage-based billing Ring topology Usage-based billing Real-time provisioning 1 Gigabit Ethernet/4GbE Geographic limitation
Ethernet MAN Long range optics (70~150Km)
BGIC/CWDM 2000 2001-
Comparison I: Scalability : Comparison I: Scalability Ethernet SONET ATM 1M 10M 100M 1G 10G
(FE) (GE) (10GE) 155M 622M 2.5G 10G
(OC3) (OC12) (OC48) (OC192) 45M 155M 622M
Comparison II: QoS : Comparison II: QoS
Ethernet’s Value Chain : Ethernet’s Value Chain Wire-speed forwarding (L2) Wire-speed forwarding (L3) Long range optic (40~120Km) High speed switching fabric MultiField Packet Classification 802.1p priority queueing Diff-Serv/Int-Serv Ethernet over MPLS Dynamic provisioning Rate-limiting Port security: VLAN ACL security
(L2: MAC filtering, Authentication) NAT CWDM/DWDM 10GbE VLAN conenctivity Ethernet over MPLS EFM / EoVDSL Ring topology: RPR, fairness,SM STP RSTP (ieee 802.1w) RPR (ieee 802.17) MPLS Low cost and High Speed Ethernet New Enabling
Ethernet Technologies Ubiquitous Ethernet Reducing total cost of ownership
Simplicity (reduce the operation-cost)
IP-based single network platform providing various service: Data, Voice and Video
End-to-end solutions
Easy deployment, installation, management and operation
Maintenance: Remote monitoring/maintenance operation/troubleshooting, statistics accounting for billing purpose.
99.999% availability
Scalability (10M-100M-1G-10Gbps)
Standard and interoperable (Operate multi-vendor networks)
Managed BW service
Value-added service through Differenciated Services
Metro access for long-haul networks (for Inter-city VPN service) Ethernet can meet
Service Provider’s Need Value-Added Services:
Internet access, Ethernet private line, VoIP, VoD, Wholesale service, ASP/CSP/DBSP access Ethernet-based
Low cost & High speed
Service Value Chain
New Ethernet Service Provider : New Ethernet Service Provider
Network Architecture & Service : Network Architecture & Service PSTN Internet Backbone
(Private) 10/100 Cat5 or fiber LAN LAN LAN MTU Access (Ring) Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU 10/100 LAN LAN LAN MTU Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU 100M LAN LAN MTU GSR IDC GateWay ASP/DBSP/CSP,
Internet
Broadcasting
Center,
Game portal BLEC
Intellispace
Urban Media Metro Core Access (star) Ethernet MAN access Ethernet Aggregation Ethernet VPN Dark fiber Rate-limiting Packet classification 802.1p/q 802.1p/q Retail
service provider
Service : Service Legacy T1 replacement
Metro Ethernet Service
Internet access
LAN-to-LAN interconnection
ASP/CSP/DBSP/Internet Broadcasting Center/Game portal access
Dynamic provisioning
rate-limiting: 1Kbps 단위까지 가능
Customer based (Port-based)
Application flow based
Differentiated Service
802.1 p
Diff-serv
MPLS
Secure service
ACL
Key technologies : Key technologies Long range Optics
Rate-limiting
Classification
L2/L3 QoS
802.1p/q
MPLS
RSTP
RPR
10GbE
CWDM
Billing
Management
Redundancy
Concept of BW guarantee of VLAN-based Ethernet VPN (TLS) : Concept of BW guarantee of VLAN-based Ethernet VPN (TLS) MTU MTU MAC
D Metro Core
Ethernet Network End-to-end connection: 802.1q VLAN At Ingress Point,
Multi-Field Packet Classification
(check L2/L3/L4 header)
-> Rate-limiting/Guaranteeing
-> 802.1p priority mapping
Priority queueing: 802.1p Ethernet Switch of SP Router of Customer Ethernet Switch of Customer
End-to-end Connection: 802.1q VLAN : End-to-end Connection: 802.1q VLAN MTU MTU VLAN ID 7 VLAN ID 5 One VLAN per customer
VLAN across MAN
- Statically pre-configured, or
- Automatically provisioned
using GARP/GVRP b a c d MAC
D MAC
B e f g i j Forwarding based-on
{dst MAC addr. + VLAN ID} Metro Ethernet Network
End-to-end Connection: 802.1q VLAN : MTU MTU VLAN ID 7 VLAN ID 5 One VLAN per customer
VLAN across MAN
- Statically pre-configured, or
- Automatically provisioned
using GARP/GVRP b a c d MAC
D MAC
B e f g i j Forwarding based-on
{dst MAC addr. + VLAN ID} Metro Ethernet Network End-to-end Connection: 802.1q VLAN
Multi-Field Packet Classification at Ingress point : Multi-Field Packet Classification at Ingress point MTU MTU b a c d MAC
D MAC
B e f g i j Metro Core
Ethernet Network At Ingress Point,
Multi-Field Packet Classification
(check L2/L3/L4 header) - Rate-limiting/Guaranteeing
(Customer-based/application based)
- 802.1p priority mapping 8B 6B 6B 4B 2B 1B 4B 4B 1B 2B 2B Ethernet(L2) IP (L3) TDP/UDP (L4) Pre dst
MAC src
MAC Type
0x0800 CRC dst
IP Protocol
ID src port
number User
data TOS src
IP dst port
number 8B 6B 6B 4B 2B 1B 4B 4B 1B 2B 2B Pre dst
MAC src
MAC Type
0x0800 CRC dst
IP Protocol
ID src port
number User
data TOS src
IP dst port
number 802.1
p/q tag 2B Type
0x8100 2B
Multi-Field packet Classification : Multi-Field packet Classification Control packets Customer A + Voice flows Customer B + FTP flows Customer A + E-mail flows Packet Filter
Multi-Field packet Classification : Multi-Field packet Classification MAC IP
0800 IPX
8138 RARP
8035 ARP
0806 VLAN Tag
1800 UDP
17 TCP
06 RSVP
46 IGMP
02 ICMP
01 Telnet
23 HTTP
80 FTP
20 SMTP
25 DNS
53 RTP
5004 8B 6B 6B 4B 2B 1B 4B 4B 1B 2B 2B Ethernet(L2) IP (L3) TDP/UDP (L4) Pre dst
MAC src
MAC Type
0x0800 CRC dst
IP Protocol
ID src port
number User
data TOS src
IP dst port
number
Ingress Rate Limiting : Ingress Rate Limiting MTU MTU b a c d MAC
D e f i j Metro Core
Ethernet Network Physical port speed 100Mbps Up 5 Mbps 5 Mbps Down Customer
A 5 Mbps 15 Mbps Customer
B 15 Mbps 15 Mbps Customer
C MAN port GbE PRL (Port Rate Limiting)
Customer에게 물리적인 port는 FE이나 GE port를 주고 customer가 사용가능한 BW를 임의로 조절해줄 수 있는 기능
Ingress Rate Limiting : Ingress Rate Limiting ARL (Aggregate Rate Limiting)
특정 customer로부터 온(그 customer로 갈) aggregate traffic의 rate을 제한(보장)
특정 customer의 트래픽 중 특정 응용의 aggregate traffic의 rate을 제한(보장) (예, 회사 A로부터 유입되는 VoIP aggregate traffic= 1Mbps로 제한/보장해줌 )
Packet Filter 10
Mbps 1Mbps (PRL) (ARL) Traffics from
Customer A
(순간적으로 15Mbps) Voice aggregate traffic Shaped Traffics from
Medialincs
(Total: 10Mbps
VoIP: 1Mbps) 8B 6B 6B 4B 2B 1B 4B 4B 1B 2B 2B Ethernet(L2) IP (L3) TDP/UDP (L4) Pre dst
MAC src
MAC Type
0x0800 CRC dst
IP Protocol
ID src port
number User
data TOS src
IP dst port
number
Mapping to 802.1p : Mapping to 802.1p
Priority queueing and scheduling : Priority queueing and scheduling MTU MTU b a c d MAC
D MAC
B e f g i j Metro Core
Ethernet Network Priority
Field
체크 Highest Priority Lowest Priority Priority Field(802.1p bits) 7 A B 1 3 7 A B 1 3 802.1q tag (VLAN ID) 802.1p tag (priority)
Concept of BW guarantee of VLAN-based Ethernet VPN (TLS) : Concept of BW guarantee of VLAN-based Ethernet VPN (TLS) MTU MTU MAC
D Metro Core
Ethernet Network End-to-end connection: 802.1q VLAN At Ingress Point,
Multi-Field Packet Classification
(check L2/L3/L4 header)
-> Rate-limiting/Guaranteeing
-> 802.1p priority mapping
Priority queueing: 802.1p Ethernet Switch of SP Router of Customer Ethernet Switch of Customer 802.1p/q
L4 prioritization : L4 prioritization VLAN ID 7 VLAN ID 5 MTU Last mile Metro core MTU Last mile 802.1p/q Network 8B 6B 6B 4B 2B 1B 4B 4B 1B 2B 2B Ethernet(L2) IP (L3) TDP/UDP (L4) Pre dst
MAC src
MAC Type
0x0800 CRC dst
IP Protocol
ID src port
number User
data TOS src
IP dst port
number 8B 6B 6B 4B 2B 1B 4B 4B 1B 2B 2B Pre dst
MAC src
MAC Type
0x0800 CRC dst
IP Protocol
ID src port
number User
data TOS src
IP dst port
number 802.1
p/q tag 2B Type
0x8100 2B Application별 서비스 차별화 가능
Problem of VLAN-based TLS service : Problem of VLAN-based TLS service VLAN space limitation: 4096 VLANs (VLAN ID=12bits)
MAC address limitation
No Bandwidth reservation in metro core (end-to-end)
No traffic engineering in metro core (STP Path)
Slow restoration time(STP, RSTP, EAPS)
VLAN space limitation ~ 4096 : VLAN space limitation ~ 4096 MTU MTU LAN Metro Core
Ethernet Network
802.1q network LAN LAN LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN VLAN 1 VLAN 2 VLAN 4096
Supported MAC address limitation : Supported MAC address limitation MTU MTU LAN Metro Core
Ethernet Network
802.1q network LAN LAN LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN Metro Core Ethernet Switches must learn
MAC addresses of
1) Customer router, if CPE = L3
2) Individual machine, if CPE = L2
No Traffic Engineering : No Traffic Engineering MTU MTU LAN Metro Core
Ethernet Network
802.1q network LAN LAN LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN Not Traffic-Engineered Path
(Path determined by STP) VLAN 100’s Path
No end-to-end BW guarantee : No end-to-end BW guarantee MTU MTU LAN Metro Core
Ethernet Network
802.1q network LAN LAN LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN VLAN 100’s Path No BW reservation for VLAN’s connection in Metro Core
No BW guarantee in Metro Core
Only provide priority queueing (802.1p)
No End-to-end BW reservation : No End-to-end BW reservation BW shared by 3 VLAN traffics:
No BW guarantee in metro core trunk link Priority queueing: 802.1p 200M 500M 500M 700M 500M 500M 1200M VLAN A VLAN B VLAN C Ingress rate limiting
MPLS in Metro Optical Ethernet Network : MPLS in Metro Optical Ethernet Network MTU MTU LAN Metro Core
Ethernet Network
MPLS network LAN LAN LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN VLAN 1 VLAN 2 VLAN 3 MPLS
LSP 100 VLAN 1 MPLS
LSP 200 VLAN 3 VLAN 2 MPLS LER/LSR
(MPLS over Ethernet)
Ethernet over MPLS: Martini draft : Ethernet over MPLS: Martini draft Martini Internet draft:
Encapsulation Methods for Transport of Layer 2 Frames Over MPLS
(draft-martini-l2circuit-encap-mpls-01.txt )
Transport of Layer 2 Frames Over MPLS
(draft-martini-l2circuit-trans-mpls-05.txt)
Layer 2 PDU (frame relay, ATM AAL5, Ethernet)를 MPLS Network을 통해 전달하는 절차(Encapsulation, Level distribution)를 기술
No IP routing in Provider’s Network (LER/PE and LSR/P)
Service Provider provides L2 connectivity only
MPLS-based L2 circuit
Metro Ethernet에 Martini draft를 적용
Ethernet over MPLS (MPLS over Ethernet) network
(Tunnel LSP, VC LSP, Encapsulation)
Tunnel LSP : Tunnel LSP MTU MTU LAN Metro Core LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN T-LSP
100 T-LSP
200 tunnel LSP: LER(PE)간에 설정
- LER로 들어오는 목적지 LER이 같은 모든 VLAN traffic을 Aggregation T-LSP
200 LAN LAN
VC LSP : VC LSP MTU MTU LAN Metro Core LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN T-LSP
100 T-LSP
200 T-LSP
200 LAN LAN Egress LER, R2
Must know how to treat the received frame
=> Define “VC label (VC LSP)”
R2 can infer form the VC label
the outgoing interface and perhaps the VLAN ID
VLAN1 VC LSP VC LSP = per VLAN LSP
- Egress LER에서 각각의 VLAN을
Label값만 보고 알 수 있게 해준다.
VC LSP setup : VC LSP setup MTU MTU LAN Metro Core LAN LAN LAN T-LSP
200 VLAN1 Label mapping msg
VC label(VC label TLV) = 25
VLAN ID(FEC TLV) = 1
VLAN1 configuration
VLAN 1, port 10
peer router: 10.0.0.1
VC label = 25 Port VLAN VC lsp T-lsp
11 1 25 200 T-LSP VC-LSP VLAN VC-LSP VLAN 10.0.0.1 20.0.0.1
Frame flow over MPLS Network : Frame flow over MPLS Network MTU MTU LAN Metro Core LAN LAN LAN T-LSP
200 VLAN1 VLAN1 VC-LSP
25 MAC
B MAC
A
MTU Access Switch : MTU Access Switch MTU MTU LAN Metro Core LAN LAN LAN MAC VLAN ID outgoing port
B 1 3 L3 PDU
(IP packet) DA
B SA
A E-type
(0x0800) VLAN tagging 3 MAC
B MAC
A Ethernet Type
0x0800: IPv4
0x0806: arp
0x8035: rarp
0x8100: vlan
Ingress LER : Ingress LER MTU MTU LAN Metro Core LAN LAN LAN 4 MAC
B MAC
A MAC VLAN ID outgoing port Tunnel Label VC label Label
B 1 4 5 25
1) VLAN-to-LSP mapping (Label push)
- Tunnel LSP: aggregation LSP
- VC LSP: per-VLAN LSP
2) CoS(Ext) field marking
Classification (802.1p/MFPC)
3) Outer MAC header (MACs of LSRs) Outer
Ethernet
Header 802.1p/q
(2/1) DA
B SA
A E-type
(0x8100) E-type
(0x0800) L3 PDU
(IP packet) DA
b SA
a E-type
(0x8847) Tunnel
label(5) VC
label(25) Original 802.1q frame Label stack a b
LSR : LSR MTU MTU LAN Metro Core LAN LAN LAN 3 MAC
B MAC
A C 802.1p/q
(2/1) DA
B SA
A E-type
(0x8100) E-type
(0x0800) L3 PDU
(IP packet) DA
d SA
c E-type
(0x8847) Tunnel
label (30) VC
label (25) 802.1p/q
(2/1) DA
B SA
A E-type
(0x8100) E-type
(0x0800) L3 PDU
(IP packet) DA
b SA
a E-type
(0x8847) Tunnel
label (5) VC
label (25) Label Swapping: Tunnel Label
Rewrite MAC header Incoming port Tunnel Label outgoing port Tunnel Label
1 5 3 30 d
LSR : LSR MTU MTU LAN Metro Core LAN LAN LAN 3 MAC
B MAC
A 802.1p/q
(2/1) DA
B SA
A E-type
(0x8100) E-type
(0x0800) L3 PDU
(IP packet) DA
f SA
e E-type
(0x8847) VC
label (25) 802.1p/q
(2/1) DA
B SA
A E-type
(0x8100) E-type
(0x0800) L3 PDU
(IP packet) DA
d SA
c E-type
(0x8847) Tunnel
label (30) VC
label (25) Pop Tunnel label
Rewrite MAC header Incoming port Tunnel Label outgoing port
1 5 3 e f
Egress LER : Egress LER MTU MTU LAN Metro Core LAN LAN LAN 4 MAC
B MAC
A 802.1p/q
(2/1) DA
B SA
A E-type
(0x8100) E-type
(0x0800) L3 PDU
(IP packet) 802.1p/q
(2/1) DA
B SA
A E-type
(0x8100) E-type
(0x0800) L3 PDU
(IP packet) DA
f SA
e E-type
(0x8847) VC
label (8) Pop VC label
Infer from VC label how to process the original frame (output port) Incoming port VC Label outgoing port
1 25 4 Original 802.1q frame e f
Egress LER : Egress LER MTU MTU LAN Metro Core LAN MAC
B MAC VLAN ID outgoing port
B 1 1 1 MAC
A
Good of MPLS : Good of MPLS VLAN space 문제 해결 (VLAN ID Reuse)
Metro Core에서 MAC주소수 문제 해결
Traffic Engineering in Metro Core
Protection: MPLS Fast Reroute (<100msec)
MPLS QoS: LSP별로 차별화 또는 Ext/CoS비트
MPLS-based Layer 2 VPN
Scalability
Security
VLAN ID Reuse : VLAN ID Reuse MTU MTU LAN LER LAN LAN LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN VLAN 1 VLAN 2 VLAN 3 MPLS
LSP 200 VLAN 3 VLAN 2 VLAN ID
Reuse VLAN 1 LER VLAN 1 VLAN 1 MPLS
LSP 100
MAC address learning : Local
MAC address
learning MAC address learning MTU MTU LAN LER LAN LAN LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN VLAN 1 VLAN 2 VLAN 3 VLAN 3 VLAN 2 VLAN 1 LER VLAN 1 VLAN 1 MAC address
learning Metro core에서는 customer의 MAC address와 VLAN ID가 노출되지 않는다.
따라서, MAC address를 learning할 필요가 없다.
LER만 LER에 연결된 지역의 customer의 MAC만 learning하면 된다. 802.1q MPLS
Traffic Engineering in Metro Core : Traffic Engineering in Metro Core MTU MTU LAN LER LAN LAN LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN MTU LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LER Traffic-Engineered
Path
Good of MPLS : Good of MPLS MTU LER/PE LSR/P LER/PE LSR/P VLAN space 문제 해결 (VLAN ID Reuse) Metro Core에서, 학습해야 할
MAC address수 문제 해결 VLAN VLAN VLAN MPLS Traffic Engineering
in Metro Core
MPLS restoration
- pre-established standby LSP
- Fast Reroute
MPLS QoS
LSP1 LSP2 LSP3
End-to-end Ethernet over MPLS : End-to-end Ethernet over MPLS Wide Area
MPLS backbone 802.1q
VLAN 802.1q
VLAN 802.1q
VLAN ( MPLS over POS ) Metro MTU LER LER LER Metro Metro 802.1q
VLAN Ethernet over MPLS 802.1q
VLAN MPLS Network CPE CPE CPE CPE CPE CPE
End-to-end Ethernet over MPLS : MPLS Network End-to-end Ethernet over MPLS Wide Area
MPLS backbone EoMPLS 802.1q
VLAN ( MPLS over POS ) Metro MTU LER LER LER Metro Metro Ethernet over MPLS 802.1q
VLAN 802.1q
VLAN LER LER LER EoMPLS CPE CPE CPE CPE CPE CPE
RPR : RPR Proprietary Solution: Cisco DPT, Nortel iPT
IEEE 802.17 RPRWG: 2000 Q4
표준화 완료: 2003 Q1
Nortel iPT: iPT MAC Protocol : Nortel iPT: iPT MAC Protocol RPR packet Statistical
Multiplexing
(여러 노드,
노드내 여러가입자) Add Drop Pass
through Ethernet Drop Add Pass
through Ethernet RPR Node 1 RPR Node 2 RPR Node 4 RPR Node 5 RPR Node 3 OC 48
SONET Ring
(OC12 iPT Ring) iPT MAC protocol
Frame header checked for address match
1) Drop if matched
2) PassThrough if not
3) Copy and drop if multicast bit set Frame Transmission scheduling between PassThrough traffic and local traffic
1) PT frames have priority
2) Max PT delay = time to transmit one max-length add frame at ring rate
Nortel iPT: Statistical Multiplexing : Nortel iPT: Statistical Multiplexing RPR packet Statistical
Multiplexing
(여러 노드,
노드내 여러가입자) Add Drop Pass
through Ethernet RPR Node 1 RPR Node 2 RPR Node 4 RPR Node 5 RPR Node 3 OC 48
SONET Ring
(OC12 iPT Ring)
Nortel iPT: Spatial Reuse : Nortel iPT: Spatial Reuse Add Drop Pass
through Ethernet Drop Add Pass
through Ethernet RPR Node 1 RPR Node 2 RPR Node 4 RPR Node 5 RPR Node 3 OC 48
SONET Ring
(OC12 iPT Ring) Destination Removal
Spatially Ring BW reuse!
(c.f., FDDI, TR)
Nortel iPT: Both Ring are working : Nortel iPT: Both Ring are working Add Drop Pass
through Ethernet Drop Add Pass
through Ethernet RPR Node 1 RPR Node 2 RPR Node 4 RPR Node 5 RPR Node 3 OC 48
SONET Ring
(OC12 iPT Ring) Both Rings are Working!!!
유효 BW: X2
(c.f., SONET, working/protection)
Nortel iPT: Fair access : Nortel iPT: Fair access Add Drop Pass
through Ethernet Drop Add Pass
through Ethernet RPR Node 1 RPR Node 2 RPR Node 4 RPR Node 5 RPR Node 3 OC 48
SONET Ring
(OC12 iPT Ring) Path through traffic에 절대 우선순위부여
대신에, 링에 access할 때 유입율 조절
Nortel iPT: Priority Queueing (4) : Nortel iPT: Priority Queueing (4) Add Drop Pass
through Ethernet Drop Add Pass
through Ethernet RPR Node 1 RPR Node 2 RPR Node 4 RPR Node 5 RPR Node 3 OC 48
SONET Ring
(OC12 iPT Ring)
Nortel iPT: L2 Protection Switching : Nortel iPT: L2 Protection Switching Add Drop Pass
through Ethernet Drop Add Pass
through Ethernet RPR Node 1 RPR Node 2 RPR Node 4 RPR Node 5 RPR Node 3 OC 48
SONET Ring
(OC12 iPT Ring)
Metro Optical Ethernet Network: Evolution Scenario : Metro Optical Ethernet Network: Evolution Scenario PSTN Internet Backbone
(Private) 10/100 Cat5 or fiber LAN LAN LAN MTU Access
(Ring/Star) Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU GSR IDC GateWay ASP/DBSP/CSP,
Internet
Broadcasting
Center,
Game portal BLEC
Intellispace
Urban Media Metro Core
Service creation: MPLS
Reliability: RPR
Scalability: 10GbE, CWDM, DWDM MHU MHU MDU MDU Cat5 or fiber Cat5 or fiber Cat1/2/3 Cat1/2/3 100BaseFx
or
GbE
(Fiber) Gigabit Ethernet
RPR
Ethernet Service Provider : Ethernet Service Provider
Ethernet Service Provider : Ethernet Service Provider
Ethernet Service Provider : Ethernet Service Provider
Metro Optical Ethernet Network: Evolution Scenario : Metro Optical Ethernet Network: Evolution Scenario PSTN Internet Backbone
(Private) 10/100 Cat5 or fiber LAN LAN LAN MTU Access
(Ring/Star) Ethernet over VDSL Cat1/2/3 LAN LAN MTU GSR IDC GateWay ASP/DBSP/CSP,
Internet
Broadcasting
Center,
Game portal,
Education
Internet banking,
shopping mall BLEC
Intellispace
Urban Media Metro Core
Service creation: MPLS
Reliability: RPR
Scalability: 10GbE, CWDM, DWDM MHU MHU MDU MDU Cat5 or fiber Cat5 or fiber Cat1/2/3 Cat1/2/3 100BaseFx
or
GbE
(Fiber) Gigabit Ethernet
RPR 인터넷 게임방 Cat5 100M LAN LAN MTU Nation-wide
Ethernet Service
Slide143 : Thank You Jangwoo Son
E-mail) son@netmanias.com
URL) www.netmanias.com
PCS) 016-460-5747
Tel) 02-511-5072
Fax) 02-511-5073