Needs for technologies for adaptation as expressed in TNAs, National Communications and other national reports: Needs for technologies for adaptation as expressed in TNAs, National Communications and other national reports
Iulian Florin Vladu
Technology Sub-programme
Sustainable Development Programme
UNFCCC Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago
SOURCES OF INFORMATION: SOURCES OF INFORMATION Information on needs for technologies for adaptation to climate change is provided by Parties in several reports:
National communications of Annex I and non-Annex I Parties
Technology needs assessments (TNAs)
National adaptation programme of actions (NAPAs)
Needs are expressed also indirectly through multilateral and bilateral assistance
THIRD NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS OF ANNEX I PARTIES: THIRD NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS OF ANNEX I PARTIES NC3 provided strategic adaptation priorities over the next decades. However, potential adaptive measures identified have been very limited and sector specific
Most Parties presented a set of strategies for vulnerable sectors and areas where planning horizons are 30–50 years, such as coastal and river flood defence, coordinated approach to infrastructure planning, water resources, forestry and agriculture
An increasing focus on integrated assessments to include economic and cross-sectional analysis of adaptation options
Planning for climate change and implementing adaptation strategies is regionally based, such as State, provincial or local governments
Access to information, guidelines and policy advice is essential (briefings, seminars, written material, and web-based information)
NC3 - WATER RESOURCES: NC3 - WATER RESOURCES Various initiatives are under consideration such as
Water conservation, controlled management of surface water and groundwater
Greater emphasis on planning and preparedness for droughts and severe floods
Establishment of national monitoring systems for water quality and quantity
The United Kingdom reported that climate change projections are taken into account in strategies and plans for water resources management
Catchment abstraction management and maintenance of water supplies in drought conditions
Incentives and penalties to encourage more efficient use of water
NC3 - FORESTRY: NC3 - FORESTRY Many Parties reported on adaptation options for forestry and indicated various forestry management projects including:
Changing harvest schedules and adjusting replanting and species including conservation of the genetic resources of forests
Introducing measures to prevent and combat pests and parasites
Putting other measures in place to improve the stability and autonomous adjustment of forest stand to changing natural conditions
NC3 - AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY: NC3 - AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY A large range of potential adaptation options that will vary depending on the climatic changes involved and on non-climactic factors such as the economy, policies, environment and technological development. Options highlighted include:
More efficient irrigation systems
Development of new crop varieties that are temperature and moisture tolerant
Land-use changes and different farming systems
Changes in the regulation of soil water regimes
Changes in plant nutrition
Protection of livestock from high temperatures
Application of livestock breeding systems which will allow reduction of the influence of extreme climatic conditions on production and health of livestock
Modifying subsidy, support and incentive programmes to influence farm-level production and management practices
Adaptation policies for agriculture should encourage flexibility of land use, crop production and farming systems
NC3 - HUMAN HEALTH: NC3 - HUMAN HEALTH Potential adaptation measures reported in the NC3 include:
Strengthening public health programmes (education and vaccination programmes),
Supporting methods for early detection of climate-change-related health impacts
Developing surveillance systems to detect changes in the occurrence of infectious diseases
The Russian Federation indicated the need to establish a federal database of historical statistics and data on the health of its population and the environmental factors affecting it
NC3 - FLOOD AND COASTAL DEFENCE: NC3 - FLOOD AND COASTAL DEFENCE The United Kingdom reported that guidance provided by government to flood defence authorities in England and Wales includes allowances for sea-level rise and higher river flows as a result of climate change
Climate change and sea-level rise projections are being used in land-use planning, for preparing long-term shoreline management plans, and river and catchment flood management plans.
Several Parties (Canada, Germany, France, Liechtenstein, Netherlands, Norway, United Kingdom, United States) reported on the allocation of additional financial resources for improvements to flood warning dissemination, flood prevention and coastal protection infrastructure
NC3 - FISHERIES: NC3 - FISHERIES Possible adaptation options for this sector:
Modifying and strengthening fishery operations and fish monitoring programmes to prevent overfishing and ensure sustainable harvesting
Enhancing fish breeding to preserve the genetic diversity of fish populations; restocking areas with robust species
Taking into consideration fish habitat needs in planning and coastal development
NC3 - INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICE SECTORS: NC3 - INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICE SECTORS Several countries reported that greater emphasis has been placed on the protection of infrastructure (e.g. Liechtenstein, United Kingdom, United States)
Some Parties cited the revision of building codes and regulations to reflect new climate change conditions as being an important adaptation option in the short term
The United Kingdom reported that climate change projections are now used in reviewing building and infrastructure regulations, including technical revisions that may be required to address climate change impacts
Some Parties mentioned other adaptation measures such as incorporating climate change into land use, community and transportation planning
NC3 - BILLATERAL ASSITANCE: NC3 - BILLATERAL ASSITANCE Projects in the forestry sector seek to improve forest management, create protected areas and increase afforestation.
Aid in the agriculture sector is directed to facilitating sustainable land-use, soil management, and protection against desertification.
Integrated coastal zone management, protection against sea-level rise and capacity-building, receive most of the support targeted to adaptation.
Examples are the French Fund for the Global Environment (FFEM), the Netherlands Climate Change Studies Assistance Programme (NCCSAP), the German initiative “Protecting the future through climate protection”, Canada’s Climate Change Action Fund.
The United States described three major bilateral initiatives: the U.S. Initiative on Joint Implementation, the U.S. Country Studies Program and the Climate Change Initiative.
The European Community indicated its numerous programmes of bilateral cooperation in a wide range of sectors relevant to climate change to support Accession countries.
NC3 - BILLATERAL ASSITANCE: NC3 - BILLATERAL ASSITANCE Described projects aimed at
Assessments of vulnerability, disaster preparedness, and response and risk management
Integrated water management,
Prevention of desertification,
Support of meteorological networks and monitoring of extreme weather events
Much of the bilateral assistance was directed toward sustainable forestry management and agriculture and would also facilitate adaptation to climate change
The ongoing effort of OECD countries to develop a set of “markers” to distinguish between climate-related funding and other environment-related funding in the OECD/DAC statistics, could provide additional relevant information on bilateral aid targeted to adaptation
NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS OF NON-ANNEX I PARTIES - C&S OF 99 NCs: NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS OF NON-ANNEX I PARTIES - C&S OF 99 NCs Work is on-going for preparation of C&S 6 for COP 11
MAIN VULNERABILITY SECTORS C&S OF 99 NCs: MAIN VULNERABILITY SECTORS C&S OF 99 NCs
V&A UNDER THE UNFCCC – C&S OF 99 NCs: V&A UNDER THE UNFCCC – C&S OF 99 NCs
INFORMATION ON COOPERATION PROJECTS: INFORMATION ON COOPERATION PROJECTS
TECHNOLOGY NEEDS ASESSMENTS - TNAs: TECHNOLOGY NEEDS ASESSMENTS - TNAs Provided support to non-Annex I Parties to conduct technology needs assessments (TNAs)
Some 80 TNAs conducted with support from UNDP
Some 15 TNAs conducted with support from UNEP
UNDP prepared a guidebook on Conducting technology needs assessments for climate change
Started to work on summarizing the results of the TNAs completed so far
TNA – EXAMPLES - ALBANIA: TNA – EXAMPLES - ALBANIA
TNA – EXAMPLES - ALBANIA: TNA – EXAMPLES - ALBANIA
TNA – EXAMPLES - ALBANIA: TNA – EXAMPLES - ALBANIA
TNA – EXAMPLES - MAURITIUS: TNA – EXAMPLES - MAURITIUS
INFORMATION ON COOPERATION PROJECTS FROM NAPAs: INFORMATION ON COOPERATION PROJECTS FROM NAPAs
Slide23: Thank you!