EENA026 Mladineo

Building Emergency Management Infrastructure in Tourist Regions : 

Building Emergency Management Infrastructure in Tourist Regions Nenad Mladineo, Snjezana Knezic University of Split, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture 21000 Split, Matice Hrvatske 15, Croatia Ranko Britvic Regional Centre for Assistance and Disaster Relief 21000 Split - Divulje, Croatia

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On 26th November 2004. Croatian Parliament accepted Protection and Rescue Law Successful lobbing for 112 number concept resulted in the Article 39 which states that providers have following obligation: "Telecommunication providers have duty to provide 112 centre with information about phone number that launched 112 call as well as information about location of the caller". The introduction of the new Law states that: "In accordance with 112 European Convention, Republic of Croatia, like European Union members, will introduce free phone number 112".

In the beginning of 2005. “State directorate for protection and rescue” will start the activities. PSAP and 112 Centres will be under patronage of the Directorate.: 

In the beginning of 2005. “State directorate for protection and rescue” will start the activities. PSAP and 112 Centres will be under patronage of the Directorate. It is planned to establish central regional operative-communication centre in Zagreb, and in each county Emergency Response Centre 112 will be introduced   Taking into account that by accepting the international agreements and protocols, as well as hosting numerous tourists during summer, Croatia faces the need for establishment of Enhanced Emergency Call Services in tourist resorts, namely Adriatic Coast, as quick as possible.

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Zagreb SLOVENIA BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA HUNGARY CROATIA

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Zagreb Split Dubrovnik Pula Rijeka Sibenik Zadar

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Split-Dalmatia County has central position on Adriatic Coast, it has very curved coastline with numerous islands and, on the continent, high mountains most of which are protected parks of nature, all seem to be very interesting for tourists. Big number of tourists whether they are in transit or stationery are the reason that in this County the Emergency Response Centre 112 pilot-project has been established, in order to guarantee tourists their safe stay in this area.

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Split-Dalmatia County Split

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Some notes presented by Mr. Giedo Van Pellicom at TIEMS WORKSHOP in Split: Risk & Safety at Tourist Installations Risk and Safety Perception EU tourist are not feeling ‘safe’ when: ° the general state of the environment is not ‘safe’ (9%) ° the local environment at the tourist places they visit is not ‘safe’(8%) EU tourist do not feel familiar (and safe) in their destinations because: ° language problems ° traffic risk and danger on land, on see, in air, ° bad business with local ‘businessman’, (tourist trap…) ° bad (smelling, tasting…) or not trustable food ° lack of medical service EU tourist will (must) have more information on the local habits and protection possibilities on there holiday destinations.

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Analysing the data form several passed years there has been noticed “common risks“ for tourists which are: risks caused by property and documents loss or stealing car accident risks risks on the sea caused by bad weather diving risks extreme sports and mountaineering risks “Special risks” are related to: hugger traffic accidents (airplanes, trains, buses) bigger fires in the hotels, public places and ships

Most action on sea during summer time:: 

Most action on sea during summer time: Year 2003. - 243 actions Rescued 575 persons, dead 18 persons Towing because engine trouble or no fuel 70 times, grounding 37, medical assistence 24, diver 16, capsizing 10, sinking 9, fire on board 6, dalay 11, etc. Year 2004. - 230 actions Rescued 440 persons, dead 14 persons Towing because engine trouble or no fuel 57 times, grounding 35, medical assistence 36, diver 11, capsizing 1, sinking 7, fire on board 4, dalay 21, etc. Maritime Rescue Coordination Center – MRCC-Rijeka

No. of deadly injured and survived divers rises every year:: 

No. of deadly injured and survived divers rises every year: YEAR NO. OF DIVERS TREATED IN DC DEADLY INJURED PULA-SPLIT 1992 2000 7 6 1996 26000 18 28 1998 48000 36 17 2000 48000 20 - 2001 47000 46 14 2002 60000 50 16 2003 64000 32 9

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CLINICAL FORMS OF DYSBARIC DIVER’S DISEASE: dominating – heavy neurological signs and symptoms decompression disease typ 2 60% barotraumatic gas embolism 40% THERAPY PROTOCOLS: initial tretment T-6 i T-6A USN, T-5 USN several days or weeks standard HBOT

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0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total number of Croatian Mountain Rescue Service actions in years

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No. of total rescued people =131 62% 24% 14% Croatia (81) Foreign cit (20) No data (19) Mountain Rescues in 2001 – nationality profile

Basic input data for dimensioning the Emergency Response Centre 112 for Split-Dalmatia County were domestic population density, as well as spatial distribution of tourist capacity.: 

Basic input data for dimensioning the Emergency Response Centre 112 for Split-Dalmatia County were domestic population density, as well as spatial distribution of tourist capacity. Activities of Emergency Services are led by Emergency Response Center (ERC) 112 Split together with coordination of 8 police, fire-fighters and medical care stations, as well as three stations on the islands. In such way whole County territory is covered.

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Population density (1 Dot = 3 People)

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Tourist stay density top of the season - August 04 (1 Dot = 10 Tourists)

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Split Sinj Vis Hvar Solin Vrgorac Makarska Imotski Trogir Omis Supetar Kastela

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Most of our researches are focused on building such DSS. Example of “Hotel fire simulation” will show some of DSS functions although its concept is designed to sustain permanent development. Very important segment which contributes to the higher efficiency of ERC 112 is Decision Support System (DSS), conceptualised in such manner to support all ECR activities.

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‘Short tip’ about DSS concept

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Conceptualised DSS for tactical and operational level is divided in a number of segments (modules) that will be additionally built in the further phases. Basic module is Geografical Information System (GIS), for all levels of DSS, that comprise information sub-systems about spatial and other data and serves the other modules with data and information. GIS module is divided in several thematic layers with basic information about settlements, road network, topographic data, location about police and fire departments, emergency services and hospitals, etc.

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Furthermore, GIS module provides data about route network, and in the combination with "Network analyst" module determines the fastest approach route to the accident location from the nearest fire, police and ambulance stations.

Data-bases and specific applications:: 

Data-bases and specific applications: For all bigger hotels data-base contains hotel pictures, terrain configuration, possible approaching routes for fire-fighters’ vehicles, building maps, floor plans and pre fire plans such as evacuation plans, hydrant valves, etc. According to research of the huge fires these data are very important because “visibility and audibility is mostly poor during operation and conventional tracing of missing victims takes long time.” (Marc C. Lemmel from BIBA)

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Firefighters’ hose length

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On site, fire-fighters are supported by “3D“ model and other “Data-bases“ segments Intervention methodology assistance:

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Access routes for Fire Brigades

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If the call comes from the mobile network, namely cell phone, "Locating calls" module estimate the location of the call using procedures that are implemented within GSM stations.

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Layout of locating the vehicle that sent emergency call

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Thank You ! Nenad Mladineo mladineo@gradst.hr I hope that your stay on Adriatic coast, next year, will be much more casual and careless due to the ERC 112 which will take care about your safety.