Some Environmental Issues & Business Opportunities in Indian IndustryS.Padmanaban, USAIDUS-INDIA BUSINESS SUMMITIndustry Breakout Session – EnvironmentNovember 30, 2006Mumbai: Some Environmental Issues & Business Opportunities in Indian Industry S.Padmanaban, USAID US-INDIA BUSINESS SUMMIT Industry Breakout Session – Environment November 30, 2006 Mumbai


History of USAID/India’s Energy/Environment Programs: 1960s/70s: construction of 15 thermal power plants and several hydro projects. 1980s: moved on to science and technology development in the eighties. 1990s: focused on privatization and technology commercialization in the early nineties. 1998: GHG emissions reductions in the energy sector - main focus since the sanctions. Today: electricity distribution reform, water-energy, methane-to- markets, municipal services History of USAID/India’s Energy/Environment Programs


KEY PROGRAMS IN ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY: KEY PROGRAMS IN ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY ENERGY EFFICIENCY CLEAN COAL WATER- ENERGY NEXUS POWER DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTED GENERATION SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT


1. Industrial & Hazardous Waste Management: 1. Industrial & Hazardous Waste Management Major issues in India 30 million tons of waste generated apart from fly ash (2003 data) 8 million tons of hazardous waste Key issues Lack of secure landfills and Treatment, storage and disposal facility (TSDF) Only 11 TSDFs in India Lack of incineration facilities Lack of waste handling and management systems


Industrial & Hazardous Management: Industrial & Hazardous Management Opportunities Technical assistance in designing & operation of landfills Technologies for waste minimization and recycling & related services Hazardous waste disposal industry in the industry sector is worth about $200 million


2. Cost-Effective Potential for Improving Energy Efficiency of Products in India: 2. Cost-Effective Potential for Improving Energy Efficiency of Products in India


Energy Efficiency Market Assessment – Industrial SectorInvestment Opportunity: $ 10 billion: Energy Efficiency Market Assessment – Industrial Sector Investment Opportunity: $ 10 billion L M H H M L


3. Utilisation of wastes in cement plants: 3. Utilisation of wastes in cement plants Waste utilisation in cement plants in India Almost nil – except fly ash and gypsum US/Japan and European Cement plants Use 80% of waste as fuel 450 kg of waste is used as raw material for production of one ton of Cement production in Japan Tremendous potential in India Waste utilization technology Waste processing equipment Key requirement Suitable legislation for waste processing in Cement industry Indian cement plants can absorb 14 million tons of hazardous waste /year


4. Air pollution: 4. Air pollution Air pollution Major issue in India Potential opportunities Nox/Sox control systems VOC control technologies in chemical plants and automobile industry Reducing respirable suspended particular matter in several industries General dust control systems Other technologies for gas (H2S, C2S, Acid fumes) emission control


5. Water pollution and treatment: 5. Water pollution and treatment Non availability of water to industry in India Water pollution Industrial water pollution Only 60% industrial effluents of large & medium scale industries are treated (PCB Data) Municipal water pollution 25% water in metro municipalities treated and less than 5% reused Other municipalities and towns very little or no treatment Potential opportunities Water treatment technologies for industries and municipality Membrane technologies / bio reactors


Water pollution and treatment..: Water pollution and treatment.. Potential Opportunities.. Technologies for recycling of water and zero discharge options in industry / municipality Bio – gas generation through anaerobic treatment of municipal / industrial waste water Technologies for handling membrane waste water Water saving devices and equipment


6.Service Providers for Utility Heat Rate Improvements: 6.Service Providers for Utility Heat Rate Improvements EE & R&M in Indian coal-fired utilities Private Sector Services to include: - Advanced diagonistics - Energy audit services - Environmental monitoring - Low carbon options - O&M services Funding: Proposed IBRD funding: $ 120 million loan + $ 45 million GEF grant Targeted Capacities for EE&RM: 650 MW


7. Opportunities in Building Sector: 7. Opportunities in Building Sector Construction contributing 10% to National GDP (500 Billion USD) Growth rate 9.2% vis-à-vis 5.5 % Global average Sectors to watch for IT / IT Enabled Services Commercial buildings Infrastructure (Airports, Roads, etc.,) Residential


Availability Of Green Materials: Availability Of Green Materials Green materials are not readily available Certified wood Waterless urinals High albedo materials High recycled content materials High performance glass Low VOC materials Testing and certification facilities not Available Eg., Cooling towers, Chillers Solutions sought Incubation of Green Building materials Display in GBC Technology Centre Type testing for equipment Green Building materials Meet Green Building Congress Issues Possible Solution


Success Stories in India: Success Stories in India Waterless urinals 2001 – Awareness Nil 2005 – Three major players (EID Parry, Hindware, Falcon have the major market share)


Success Stories in India: Success Stories in India CRI Certified carpets 2001 – Awareness nil 2005 – Interface, Milliken, Shaw carpets


Opportunities: Opportunities Materials & Equipment Composting toilets Waterless urinals Low VOC adhesives & sealants CRI certified carpets FSC Certified wood High albedo roofing material BIPV CTI certified cooling towers Living machines, etc.,. New Services III Party Commissioning Energy simulation LEED Facilitation services LEED-India (to be launched shortly) Green building products – 350 Million USD by 2012


Energy Efficiency in the Indian Cement Industry: Energy Efficiency in the Indian Cement Industry Wide range in energy intensity in Indian cement industry Some of the most efficient plants in the world are in India - Only 5% are inefficient wet kilns (vs. 18% in the U.S.) Energy savings and emission reduction possible through: Improved energy efficiency Increased blending of cement Use of alternative fuels Waste heat power generation Source: Sathaye et al. (2005)


Slide19: THANK YOU