World Power in the 21st Century: China : World Power in the 21st Century: China


Slide2: ‘One world, One dream’


Slide3: Beijing, China will be the host of next year’s Olympic Games. What will the Olympic games show about China? What events in the 20th century transformed the nation into what it is today? Why is China considered one of the wealthiest and most influential countries in the world? What changes do we expect to see China in the future?


Slide4: The People’s Republic of China (PRC) is the most populous nation in the world, with a population of 1.2 billion people, 22% of the world’s population. Based on land area, it’s the fourth largest country after Russia, Canada, and US. Ethnic groups: Han Chinese 91.9%, Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean Main languages: Mandarin and Cantonese The capital is Beijing and the nation is a communist state.


Olympics 2008: Beijing China: Olympics 2008: Beijing China What will the Olympic games show about China? Analyze: - Foreign investment -Economic and technological prosperity -Challenges and problems


Slide6: Partners Sponsors Suppliers 2008 Olympic supporters


Slide7: The Beijing National Stadium is one of 31 venues built for the 2008 Olympics. Its maximum capacity is 100,000 people. Technological and economic advancement Construction worker at the Beijing National Aquatics Center


Slide8: Beijing National Aquatic Center under construction Capital Indoor Stadium


Slide9: Olympic Sports Center Stadium


Catalysts that have brought about changes in China : Catalysts that have brought about changes in China What events in the 20th century transformed China into what it is today?


Slide11: Gallery of Ancient Chinese Art at Shanghai Musuem Section of the Great wall of China


Slide12: Army of terra cotta soldiers from a 3rd century BC Chinese Emperor tomb Tiantan “Temple of Heaven”


What is “Communism” and a “Command Economy”?: What is “Communism” and a “Command Economy”? Communism Economic & social activity controlled by totalitarian state Single & self-perpetuating political party Form of Socialism Command Economy Government controls factors of production, deciding: what to produce how to produce for whom to produce


Mao Zedong: Mao Zedong 1949- Mao Zedong founded the Communist party 1958- Mao launched the ‘Great Leap Forward’ Moved mass numbers of people into industrial & agricultural production Result  decline in agricultural produce & massive famine 1966- The ‘cultural revolution’ Aimed to revive revolutionary spirit in China Cities turned into anarchies


China’s Transformation: China’s Transformation How has Mao’s ideal communist state changed after his death?


Deng Xiaoping : Deng Xiaoping -1979- Mao dies. Deng Xiaoping becomes the dominant figure of the Communist Party. ‘Reform and Openness’ policy Open economy to free trade Allow privatization of agriculture Special Economic Zones One child policy Population control Xiaoping becomes known as ‘The chief architect of China's economic reforms and China's socialist modernization’


Slide17: In 1989, a protest erupted in Tiananmen Square Protestors criticized Deng’s response to political dissidents The two month long protest resulted in hundreds, and possibly thousands, of deaths Deng steps down as Military Chairman in 1989 and retires in 1992 China’s growing pains- Tiananmen Square Protests


Slide18: “Poverty is not socialism. To be rich is to be glorious”


Jiang Zemin : Jiang Zemin Succeeded Deng Xiaoping as Central Military Commission Chairman, and became President in 1993. Reduced state ownership Discussed China’s human rights issues Saw the return of… Hong Kong from the British Macau from Portugal in 1999


Slide20: “In our endeavor to develop our economy, we will work to achieve a diversified form of ownership, with public ownership playing the predominant role. Under this mechanism we have the public ownership, collective ownership, private ownership, and even individual ownership.” -Jiang Zemin


Hu Jintao : Hu Jintao Succeeded Jiang Zemin as China’s President in 2002, and the ‘core’ of the Communist Party’s fourth generation of leaders Vision for China ‘Harmonious Society’ ‘Peaceful development’ ‘Scientific development perspective’ More emphasis on maintaining social stability rather than full on economic growth ‘Eight honors and disgraces’ Green GDP


Communism vs. New Capitalism: Communism vs. New Capitalism Communism Under Mao Government owned and had total control of all major economic resources. Limited trade and economic ties with other nations. New Capitalistic Trends & Opportunities Under Private ownership Foreigners permitted to invest in China ( Ford, G.E., Starbucks, etc.) Rise in middle class More industry and less agriculture


Major Change: The Economy: Major Change: The Economy Private corporations Special economic zones Open economy Middle class Wealth disparity


Poverty rates 1976-Present: Poverty rates 1976-Present Absolute and percent of population in poverty according to the Chinese government


Slide25: China’s Special Economic Zones What are the importance factors of China’s Special Economic Zones and Special Administrative Regions?


China as a World Power: China as a World Power - Why is China considered one of the wealthiest and most influential countries in the world? - How have we seen China influence/change the course of world events?


Definition: Definition What does it mean to be a world power? A world power is a nation, organization, or institution so powerful that it is capable of influencing or changing the course of world events.


Types of Power: Types of Power Hard Power: Economic Military Soft power: Political Cultural


Economic Power: Growth: Economic Power: Growth 1980: China’s GDP was US $59 billion 2006: GDP has grown to US $2.6 trillion Future Projection By 2008, China will have overtaken Germany as the third largest economy in the world. In the same year, China will become the largest exporter in the world.


China’s GDP compared to other nations: China’s GDP compared to other nations 2006 GDP Rankings


China’s exports compared to other countries: China’s exports compared to other countries 2006 Exports Rankings


China’s imports compared to other nations: China’s imports compared to other nations 2006 Imports Rankings


Review Questions: Review Questions What are ways to measure a nation’s economic power? How does China compare in economic power to the rest of the world?


Military Power : Military Power - The world’s largest army with 2.5 million soldiers - Its available manpower for military service is the size of the US - The Department of Defense estimates that the PRC spends $90 billion, making it the second largest military spender


Slide35: Military technology Headlines: China shoots down one of its own weather satellites What does this mean for US surveillance and GPS satellites? How will this affect global security? Headlines: China builds a superpower fighter China builds the J-10, to match up the US F-16


Political Power: International Influence: Political Power: International Influence What is political power and international influence? A type of power held by a group or person. International influence is a type of political power.


Slide37: Costa Rica made diplomatic ties with China. China’s imports from Latin America have jumped 600% from 1999 to 2004. In Latin America The PRC loaned $12.5 billion to Sub-Saharan Africa in 2006 for infrastructure development. China and South Africa increased cooperative military exercises In Africa


Slide38: In Japan China is Japan’s second largest trading partner. Both countries are looking to increase trade. How many embassies does China have around the world?


Review - China’s Influence: Review - China’s Influence How has China influenced other nations in diplomatic terms?


Changes in China: Changes in China Where do we expect to see China in the future?


Slide41: ‘One world, One dream’


Challenges for China in the 2008 Olympics: Challenges for China in the 2008 Olympics Air pollution: air deemed unsuitable for optimal athletic performance Bad human rights record in Tibet: protests against the Olympics Involuntary relocation: forcefully moving citizens to make room for Olympics