SCHNEIDER CH

ccTLD „.CH“ (Switzerland), part 2 : 

ccTLD „.CH“ (Switzerland), part 2 Marcel Schneider Dipl. El. Ing. FH/STV/EUR-ING Manager Special Operations and International Relations WGIG-Workshop „National Internet Governance Models“

SWITCH: The Foundation: 

SWITCH: The Foundation Established in October 1987 as a foundation of the private sector by the Swiss government (Federal Department of Home Affairs) and eight university cantons for the purpose of creating and maintaining Switzerland’s academic and research network Two main departments: Academic Services and Domain Name Registration Registry Involvements: „CH“, „LI“ and sTLD „POST“ Policy for „LI“: Government assumes „sleeping authority“ governance model Policy for „POST“: Universal Postal Union, a UN organization, is negotiating sTLD private law contract with ICANN; SWITCH is subcontractor

Governance Models and Registries: 

Governance Models and Registries There are different policy models: gTLD, sTLD, iTLD, ccTLD Pro: Competition, test beds Con: More difficult to understand Requirements: Transparency, guidance for users, information A registry is capable to support multiple policy models

Focus on ccTLD „CH“: History: 

Focus on ccTLD „CH“: History Pre-1986: Tests at Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETHZ) with pseudo TLD „CHUNET“ Other pseudo-TLD‘s: BITnet, UUCP Central host table for computers Ca. 1986: First DNS software available (BIND) Distributed, decentralized, hierarchical system May 1987: ETHZ asks IANA to assign „CH“ to ETHZ for testing purposes October 1987: SWITCH established, „CH“ transferred to SWITCH Since then: SWITCH admin and technical contact for „CH“

1.1.1996: New Policy for CH and LI: 

1.1.1996: New Policy for CH and LI Concept of holdership introduced: Holder is responsible No domain name owners Allowance for registrants to use domain name Private law contract with registrants Domain names are not sold; fee for storage, maintenance and publication (WHOIS, Name Servers in DNS) Hands-off, liberal policy by registry; new concept at that time (different to COM, NET, ORG, other ccTLD’s) Registry performs stewardship function for the Internet

2003: Public Regulations for TLD „CH“: 

2003: Public Regulations for TLD „CH“

PPP: Shared Responsibilities (1): 

PPP: Shared Responsibilities (1) SWITCH Registry Swiss Government B2B B2C Peers Subcontractors Registrars Registrants National and international coordination and collaboration

Shared Responsibilities (2): 

Shared Responsibilities (2) Well defined responsibilities. Government: Represents LIC, ensures public policies Collaboration: GAC, ITU, other governments, etc. Registry: Performs registration services Collaboration: CENTR, wwTLD, RIPE, WIPO, ICANN/IANA, IETF, CERT, ITU, registrars, outsourcing partners, other services (ENUM, AAI etc.)

ADRP: 

ADRP Requirement by OFCOM (Art. 14g AEFV) Cooperation of OFCOM, Federal Department of Justice, Swiss Intellectual Property Institute, WIPO and SWITCH Introduction 1.3.2004, since 1.4.2004 mandatory Mandatory (first ) phase: Mediation Voluntary (second) phase: Expert Determination (transfer, deletion or complaint denied)  violation of Intellectual Property Rights Languages: English, French, German, Italian Six decisions (as per 23.1.2005): five transfers, one complaint denied, two involving Internationalized Domain Names URL: http://arbiter.wipo.int/domains/cctld/ch/index.html

Benefits of Public Involvement : 

Benefits of Public Involvement Delegation/re-delegation of registration authority locally handled (GAC Delegation Policies Art. 7.1) High standards on data security, data protection, privacy and dispute resolution (GAC DP Art. 9.1.5 and 9.1.6) Joint representation in international bodies (ICANN, partially ITU, WSIS, WIPO) Controlled pricing, intention: competition Joint actions and planning with regard to ICANN (ccNSO, Accountability Framework), GAC DP Art. 8

Benefits from PPP (1): 

Benefits from PPP (1) Continued innovation Guarantee that public interest is properly represented Capacity building, outreach activities SWITCH contacts TLD registries in developing countries to build capacities, training, know-how transfer, other support activities

Benefits from PPP (2): 

Benefits from PPP (2) Stability and continuity Credibility for registry Transparency and competition Shared responsibilities

End: 

End Thank you!