The History of Computers Power Point

The History of Computers: 

The History of Computers

1936: 

1936 In 1936 the first freely programmable computer called the Z1 was invented by Konrad Zuse.

PowerPoint Presentation: 

1939 In 1939 Hewlett Packard was founded by David Packard and Bill Hewlett.

1940: 

1940 In 1940 the CNC or Complex Number Calculator was invented. It was the first example of remote access computing.

1941: 

1941 In 1941 Konrad Zuse finishes the Z3 computer. During an air raid in 1943 it is destroyed in Berlin. In 1941 the first bombe is completed. The bombe is a computer used to decipher Nazi military communications. Z3 The Bombe

1942/1943: 

1942/1943 In 1942 The Atanasoff -Berry Computer (ABC) is completed. The computer as a concept was declared un-patentable and thus was freely open to all.

1944/1945: 

1944/1945 In 1944 Harvard Mark-1 is completed. Conceived by Harvard professor Howard Aiken, and designed and built by IBM, the Harvard Mark-1 was a room-sized, relay-based calculator.

1946-1948: 

1946-1948 In February of 1946 the public got its first glimpse of the ENIAC, a machine built by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert that improved the speed of its contemporaries by 1,000 times! In 1947 The Williams tube won the race for a practical random-access memory. Vacuum tube machines used the Williams tube as primary memory. E N I A C The Williams Tube

1949: 

1949 In 1949 Maurice Wilkes assembled the EDSAC, the first practical stored-program computer, at Cambridge University. In 1949 The Manchester Mark I computer functioned as a complete system using the Williams tube for memory. EDSAC Manchester Mark I

1950: 

1950 The National Bureau of Standards constructed the SEAC (Standards Eastern Automatic Computer) in Washington as a laboratory for testing components and systems for setting computer standards. (1950) The National Bureau of Standards completed its SWAC (Standards Western Automatic Computer) at the Institute for Numerical Analysis in Los Angeles. SEAC SWAC

1951: 

1951 MIT´s Whirlwind (pictured left) debuted on Edward R. Murrow´s "See It Now" television series. (1951) The UNIVAC I (pictured right) delivered to the U.S. Census Bureau was the first commercial computer to attract widespread public attention. (1951) MIT’s Whirlwind UNIVAC I

1952: 

1952 John von Neumann´s IAS computer became operational at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton, N.J. Contract obliged the builders to share their designs with other research institutes. (1952) [Picture Below] Magnetic tape allows for inexpensive mass storage of information and so is a key part of the computer revolution. (1952)

1953/1954: 

1953/1954 At MIT, Jay Forrester installed magnetic core memory on the Whirlwind computer. Core memory made computers more reliable, faster, and easier to make. (1953) IBM shipped its first electronic computer, the 701. (1953) [Picture Below] The IBM 650 magnetic drum calculator established itself as the first mass-produced computer. (1954)

1955/1956: 

1955/1956 Felker and Harris program TRADIC, AT&T Bell Laboratories announced the first fully transistorized computer, TRADIC. (1955) MIT researchers built the TX-0, the first general-purpose, programmable computer built with transistors. (1956) TRADIC TX-0

1957-1959: 

1957-1959 SAGE — Semi-Automatic Ground Environment — linked hundreds of radar stations in the United States and Canada in the first large-scale computer communications network. (1958) [Pictures Below]

1960-1962: 

1960-1962 The precursor to the minicomputer, DEC´s PDP-1 sold for $120,000. (1960) IBM introduced the 1400 Series. The 1401 mainframe, the first in the series, replaced the vacuum tube with smaller, more reliable transistors and used a magnetic core memory. (1961) PDP-1 IBM 1401

1964: 

1964 IBM announced the System/360, a family of six mutually compatible computers and 40 peripherals that could work together. (1964) CDC´s 6600 supercomputer, designed by Seymour Cray, performed up to 3 million instructions per second (1964) IBM System/360 CDC’s 6600

1965/1966: 

1965/1966 Digital Equipment Corp. introduced the PDP-8, the first commercially successful minicomputer. It was about the size of a phone booth. (1965) The Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency contracted with the University of Illinois to build a large parallel processing computer, the ILLIAC IV, the first large-scale array computer. (1966) Hewlett-Packard entered the general purpose computer business with its HP-2115 for computation, offering a computational power formerly found only in much larger computers. (1966) HP-2115 ILLIAC IV

1968: 

1968 The Apollo Guidance Computer made its debut orbiting the Earth on Apollo 7. A year later, it steered Apollo 11 to the lunar surface.

1970: 

1970 Intel 1103 Computer Memory The worlds first available dynamic RAM chip

1971: 

1971 Faggin , Hoff & Mazor Intel 4004 Computer Microprocessor The First Microprocessor

1971: 

1971 1971 An IBM team led by Alan Shugart invented the 8-inch floppy diskette

1973: 

1973 Robert Metcalfe & Xerox The Ethernet Computer Networking

1974/75: 

1974/75 Scelbi & Mark-8 Altair & IBM 5100 Computers The first consumer computers

1976/77: 

1976/77 Apple I, II & TRS-80 & Commodore Pet Computers More first consumer computers .

1978: 

1978 Dan Bricklin & Bob Frankston VisiCalc Spreadsheet Software

1979: 

1979 Seymour Rubenstein & Rob Barnaby WordStar Software Word Processors

1981: 

1981 Microsoft MS-DOS Computer Operating System From "Quick And Dirty" comes the operating system of the century. IBM joins the computer race by announcing the IBM Personal Computer Commodore ships the VIC-20, which later becomes the worlds most popular computer

1983: 

1983 Apple Lisa Computer The first home computer with a GUI, graphical user interface IBM announces the PCjr (PC junior) computer MS-DOS 2.0 was released The Apple IIe is introduced

1984: 

1984 Apple Macintosh Computer The more affordable home computer with a GUI. IBM releases the IBM 5155 portable computer Docutel/Olivetti introduce the Olivetti PC The Tandy 1000 personal computer is introduced and becomes the best-selling IBM-compatible computer of the year

1985: 

1985 Microsoft Windows 1.0 is introduced Microsoft begins the friendly war with Apple . Dell releases its first computer, the "Turbo PC .“ The Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) is released in North America

1986: 

1986 Compaq makes the Fortune 500 list Introduces its first Intel 80386-based PC Apple introduces the Mac Plus. The computer contained one megabyte of RAM, new keyboard that contained cursors and numeric key pad MS-DOS 3.2 was released IBM PC Division (PCD) announces it's first laptop computer, the PC Convertible

1987: 

1987 IBM introduced its PS/2 machines, which made the 3 1/2-inch floppy disk drive and video graphics array standard for IBM computers Microsoft introduces Microsoft Works Microsoft and IBM release OS/2 1.0 The Mac SE is introduced Microsoft introduces Windows 2.0

1988: 

1988 The Year 2000 problem is first mentioned in print Steve Jobs introduces his new computer the NeXT cube Motorola releases the 88000 processor MS-DOS 4.0 and 4.01 was released

1989: 

1989 Intel introduces the 80486 chip, the first microprocessor with over 1,000,000 transistors and a built-in math coprocessor Microsoft introduces Word for Windows

1990: 

1990 Microsoft exceeds $1 billion in sales and becomes the first company to do so The World, the first commercial Internet dial-up access provider comes online Quarterdeck releases its memory management program QEMM386 version 5.1 which quickly becomes the fastest-selling software program in the Untied States Archie, the first search engine is introduced

1991: 

1991 HTTP/0.9 is introduced Apple introduces System 7 operating system MS-DOS 5.0 released The World Wide Web is launched to the public as a research tool.

1992: 

1992 Microsoft introduces Windows 3.1 Intel releases the 486DX2 chip Radio Shack releases the M2500 XL/2 and M4020 SX personal computers IBM PCD introduces ThinkPad, the industry’s first notebook

1993: 

1993 Microsoft releases Windows NT, Microsoft Office 4.0 and MS-DOS 6.0 Intel releases the Pentium Processor Developed by IBM, Motorola and Apple the PowerPC processor for the Apple Power Mac is introduced Microsoft Windows 3.11, an update to Windows 3.1 is released

1994: 

1994 IBM releases OS/2 Warp IBM introduces the ThinkPad 775CD, the first notebook with an integrated CD-ROM MS-DOS 6.22 is released Intel Introduces the Intel 486DX4 processor Geek Squad is founded

1995: 

1995 IBM introduces the butterfly keyboard The dot-com boom starts Apple develops FireWire Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 1.0 Microsoft Releases Windows 95 Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 2.0 on November 22, 1995 and officially starts the browser war between Netscape . IBM unveils Deep Blue December 5, 1995, a parallel computing system that will later play the World Chess Champion Gary Kasparov

1996: 

1996 Intel releases the 200 MHz P6 Microsoft releases DirectX 2.0a Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 released and latter Windows CE Internet Explorer 3.0 is released by Microsoft IBM computer Deep Blue beats chess master Garry Kasparov Sony enters the PC market with the release of VAIO Microsoft introduces the IntelliMouse also known as a wheel mouse Sun Microsystems releases it’s line of network computers

1996 (cont.): 

1996 (cont.)

1997: 

1997 Intel introduces the MMX chip Microsoft releases Microsoft Office 97, Internet Explorer 4.0 and DirectX 5.0 CompUSA joins Dell and Gateway in build to order PC computers Intel Pentium II CD-RW drives and media are introduced Microsoft saves Apple with $150 million investment Apple releases MAC OS 8

1998: 

1998 Intel releases the Celeron processor eMachines is founded Microsoft Windows 98 is released Apple introduces the iMac Sony introduces the Sony Memory Stick

1999: 

1999 The Intel Pentium III 500, 550, 600, 533B, 633B and Coppermine were released during the year Microsoft releases Windows CE 3.0 and Internet Explorer 5.0 IBM introduces the first Microdrive, the world’s physically smallest hard drive

2000: 

2000 Computers continue to work and the world doesn't come to an end on January 1, 2000 as some feared might happen because of the year 2000 bug . U.S. Judge Thomas Penfield announced today after over 2-years in the court that Microsoft be split into two companies although will remain intact until the appeals process is exhausted . Microsoft Windows 2000 was released On June 24, 2000 U.S. President Bill Clinton makes the first ever Presidential webcast For the first time more than half of the households in America have Internet access on August 17, 2000 according to Nielsen.

2001: 

2001 UsRobotics intorduces the V.92 modem standard The HyperTransport standard is introduced Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 6.0 Apple introduces Mac OS X 10.0 McAfee releases first handheld virus protection software Dell computer becomes the largest PC maker

2001 (cont.): 

2001 (cont.) Apple introduces the iPod Microsoft Windows XP is released Microsoft releases the original Xbox Hewlett Packard announces plans to buy Compaq

2002: 

2002 Approximately 1 billion PCs have been shipped worldwide since the mid-70’s Apple introduces Mac OS X 10.2 Hitachi closes deal to purchase IBM’s hard disk operation for $2.05 billion Microsoft releases DirectX 9 The Slammer worm is first released and becomes the fastest spreading worm in history after infecting hundreds of thousands of computers in less than three hours

2003: 

2003 Intel Pentium M is introduced Microsoft Windows Server 2003 is released Apple opens the iTune store The first computer is infected with the Spybot worm The Safari Internet browser is released Intel announces the new BTX form factor

2004: 

2004 MySpace official site is launched Mark Zuckerberg launches Thefacebook PC Maker Gateway closes all its retail stores Apple introduces Mac OS X 10.4 Firefox 1.0 is first introduced IBM sells its computing division to Lenovo Group for $1.75 billion

2005: 

2005 Microsoft Windows XP Professional x64 Edition is released Apple announces it plans to switch its computers to Intel processers Microsoft releases the Xbox 360

2006: 

2006 Intel introduces the Intel Core and Viiv Twitter is officially launched Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 is introduced Sony releases the PlayStation 3 Nintendo releases the Wii Microsoft releases Microsoft Vista to corporations

2007: 

2007 Apple releases the iPhone to the public Microsoft releases Microsoft Windows Vista and Office 2007 to the general public Google releases the Android Amazon.com releases the first Kindle

2008: 

2008 Apple introduces its latest line of Apple iMac computers Intel releases the Core2 Duo Processor E4700, E7200, E7300 and E7400 Google releases the first public version of Chrome

2009: 

2009 Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 is introduced Intel releases the Core2 Duo Processor E7600 Microsoft releases Virtual PC, MSE, and Windows 7 The first Barnes & Noble Nook is released

2010: 

2010 Apple introduces the iPad Apple introduces the iPhone 4 Microsoft announces plans to release Windows Phone 7 First all-robotic surgery is performed

2011: 

2011 Watson, an IBM Super computer beats two best human Jeopardy players in a three day event with a score greater than the two human players combined Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 9 Steve Jobs passes away at the age of 56