LIST 1105 Chapter 10 Media Services: LIST 1105 Chapter 10 Media Services Lora Mirza & Amy Moore October 18, 2006


Slide2: “We are drowning in information but starved for knowledge.” --John Naisbitt


Role of Media in Public Service: Role of Media in Public Service Heavy Use of Media in Schools and 2-Yr Colleges Resource-based education - uses a variety of sources Integrated collections - books and media shelved together in one collection


Role of Media – 2 : Role of Media – 2 Media used to be housed in specific departments - in 4-YR Colleges and Universities Media Services departments – created to bring the equipment and the material/film to the classrooms


Role of Media - 3: Role of Media - 3 Changes with arrival of Video and DVD formats– easier for faculty to use in the classroom Assignments now include print and nonprint materials Trend to house all media in the library (the LRC)


Role of Media – 4 : Role of Media – 4 Libraries need to offer a variety of formats to meet users’ needs


Philosophy of Media in Public Service : Philosophy of Media in Public Service Have easy-to-use equipment in good condition for transparent use Emphasize the information/material being presented, not the equipment Integrate media with other services in the Library, not in separate department Have one catalog – the OPAC – to access all formats (books, CDs, etc.)


Media Formats –Microforms : Media Formats –Microforms Microfilm - On reels Often used for newspapers, serials Microfiche - Rectangular sheets of film Pro – Save space, easy to store and shift Con - Staff must assist users with equipment and must refile microforms


Media Formats – Motion Pictures (Film and Video and DVD Video): Media Formats – Motion Pictures (Film and Video and DVD Video) Videos (Videos and DVD Videos) have replaced films in most libraries today Pro – Patrons familiar with video and DVD players Con –wrong or nonworking equipment Multiple formats can confuse staff booking the items (example, old BETA copies and new VHS and New DVDs). Which type does the borrower/student/faculty member want? Video cassette and DVD


Media Formats – Motion Pictures (Film and Video and DVD Video): Media Formats – Motion Pictures (Film and Video and DVD Video) DVDs - replacing Videocassettes – which have already replaced Films Challenges: “Protecting the children” - Public may give this reason for challenging titles in the library Motion Picture Association of American – rates films for suitability of content for children Public libraries may have separate collections, may need to sort videos for children’s collection from videos for adults


Media Formats – Filmstrips: Media Formats – Filmstrips Related to film Series of single-frame still photos on a strip of film Have been used for training health workers Authors feel filmstrips may continue to be useful to project picture books in work with young children


Media Formats – Slides: Media Formats – Slides Useful in special libraries with scientific, medical, art collections Dental hygiene slides at Dunwoody Difficult for staff to keep in order


Media Formats – Maps and Pictures, Games and Realia : Media Formats – Maps and Pictures, Games and Realia


Media Formats – Transparencies: Media Formats – Transparencies May be provided to teachers by textbook publishers Producing transparencies – Students may need help from staff Microsoft PowerPoint makes it easier to produce slides or transparencies, eliminating production services


Media Formats – Audio Recordings : Media Formats – Audio Recordings Records used for many years Audiocassettes –a major part of most audio collections CDs replacing Audiocassettes in popularity for those who have CD players in cars


Media Formats – Audio Recordings : Media Formats – Audio Recordings Should library staff buy abridged or full-length audio recordings? Audiocassettes have short life span whether spoken word or music – usually 5-6 years, under optimal conditions Hard to attach a security strip Talking Books - Very helpful to visually impaired – provided by Library of Congress


Media Formats – Music recordings : Media Formats – Music recordings Should scores and music be stored together? Students studying a musical instrument typically request music scores


Media Formats – Television : Media Formats – Television Closed circuit – distributes from a central location to a series of monitors Eliminates travel time Various classrooms can watch different videos from media department At our campus, individual videos are now used in the classrooms – which have ceiling projectors We do have satellite linkups for sending and receiving information from other sites, such as for teleconferences


Computer Software: Computer Software Public Domain – legal considerations School library media centers – early leaders for patron access to computers and software in the library environment Providing access to software packages requires the public service staff to know the use of the computer and software applications Example: Whether to add Word to public computers in the library


Access, Storage, Preservation, and Circulation: Access, Storage, Preservation, and Circulation Media formats vary in size and shape This impacts on storage and access Choose storage options based on what will circulate and what will have public access Example: Many libraries store DVDs in back, patrons must ask for them


Access, Storage -2 : Access, Storage -2 Microforms Stored in large, heavy cabinets Microfilm stored in labeled boxes in metal cabinet drawers Microfiche may be stored in individual envelopes to protect the fiche in the file Films are generally stored in back, away from the public. Inspect each film for damage after use


Access, Storage - 3: Access, Storage - 3 Videocassettes Should they be circulated to the public? Varies in academic libraries. Risks Home video equipment may damage videos. Security a problem Because tapes are electronic, it is hard to use electronic security systems with them. Will need a bypass system.


Access, Storage - 4: Access, Storage - 4 Filmstrips Rarely circulate, except to classrooms Videocassettes Various packaging sizes use up storage space Slides Stored in drawers in special cabinets Best storage – in carousels (reduces the wear and tear of removing them)


Access, Storage - 5: Access, Storage - 5 Slides – preservation Slides can be used in a group study room with a rear-view projector Slides do wear out. We may be moving to digitalization Problem – copyright issues Flat materials – store in map cases or large drawers Other materials – may require special storage or display units Store transparencies in legal-sized folders Can store software in original box or special disk storage box


Equipment Use: Equipment Use Best to have a single equipment area Secure the equipment to study carrels and issue earphones Store rarely used equipment elsewhere


Legal and Ethical Considerations: Legal and Ethical Considerations When in doubt, get legal counsel Nonprint copyright issues – Far more complicated than those for print items Purpose of copyright – To promote development and distribution of info while assuring the individual or group developing the idea or information exclusive rights to profit Fair use – Society’s right through copyright laws to use the materials developed within limits without violating the copyright holder’s right


Legal and Ethical Considerations -2: Legal and Ethical Considerations -2 US Copyright Law Relates to copying, reproducing (multiple copies), and actual use. Reasonable purposes - For criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship and research Four criteria to determine what is fair use 1 Purpose of use - commercial in nature or for nonprofit educational purposes? 2. The nature of the copyrighted work 3.The amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole 4. Effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work


Legal and Ethical Considerations -3: Legal and Ethical Considerations -3 Guidelines for Classroom Copying in Not-for-profit Educational Institutions and Guidelines for Educational Uses of Music --help provide guidelines for what is considered reasonable. Unpublished works also receive protection


Legal and Ethical Considerations - 4: Legal and Ethical Considerations - 4 What about “A personal tape I made”? Off-air recordings on VCR may be legally used if 45 days old or less and played in the classroom with a teacher present. Erase the tape after 45 days to comply with guidelines


Legal and Ethical Considerations - 5: Legal and Ethical Considerations - 5 Performance rights – Rights of those who were involved in the production of the video to get compensation Best practice – Buy videos with performance rights – even though more expensive


Staffing: Staffing Equipment technician helpful in larger libraries – for repair and maintenance Media may also include production Despite its many challenges, Media has many uses-- Media Is Here to Stay!


Media Here to Stay: Media Here to Stay