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Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Why is India Poor?: Why is India Poor? Parth J Shah Centre for Civil Society parth@ccsindia.orgSlide2: Culture / Attitudes Lack of Capital Political Instability Too large to govern Colonial legacy Weather / climate Neo-colonization Globalization / WTO Population Explosion Lack of Education CorruptionSlide3: How is Wealth Created? through the division of labour and the division of knowledge.People: Wealth Creators: People: Wealth Creators The extent of specialisation is limited by the SIZE of the market.Slide5: But some are RICH Some densely populated countries are POOR Population Density and Poverty?Slide6: Some sparsely populated countries are RICH But some are POOR Population Density and Poverty?Slide7: India’s PopulationAre We Running Out of Resources?: Are We Running Out of Resources?Slide9: The Scarcity of COPPER as Measured by Its Prices Relative to Wages and the Consumer Price IndexSlide10: Julian Simon-Paul Ehlrich Bet Copper, tungsten, chrome, nickel and tin Basket Value in 1980: $ 1,000 Basket Value in 1990: $ 423 Paul Ehlrich sent Julian Simon a cheque for $ 577 Slide11: Simon-Ehlrich Bet DetailsSlide12: The battle to feed all of humanity is over. In 12-20 years hundreds of millions of people will starve to death in spite of any crash programs embarked upon now. At this late date nothing can prevent a substantial increase in the world death rate. Professor Paul Ehrlich, Stanford University, MacArthur Fellow 1990 The Population BombSlide13: Per Capita Income = GDP PopulationSlide15: Effects of Colonisation?Slide16: Democracy vs Dictatorship? Success of Singapore, Malaysia, China, (Taiwan, S. Korea) But think about the Dictatorships that are POOR! How many Democracies are RICH? Superiority of dictatorshipSlide17: Democracy vs Dictatorship? Democracy also usually entails Civil rights Free press Protection of minoritiesSlide18: Illiteracy and Wealth?Slide19: Culture and Attitude Antimaterialistic Fatalistic (Karma) LazySlide21: ECONOMIC FREEDOM! The most important attribute of these institutions and policies is Economic and political institutions and policies determine economic success. Population, illiteracy, corruption, culture, democracy, and colonisation are half-truths.Slide22: Economic Freedom Index 2000Slide23: Economic Freedom Index 2000 Economic Freedom Index Components: Economic Freedom Index Components Size of government; consumption, transfers and subsidies Structure of the economy and use of markets Monetary policy and price stability Freedom to use alternative currencies Legal structure and property rights International exchange: Freedom to trade with foreigners Freedom in Exchange of capital and financial marketsSlide25: $0 $4,000 $8,000 $12,000 $16,000 $20,000 Per Capita Income Bottom 20% 4th Quintile 3rd Quintile 2nd Quintile Top 20% Per Capita Income & Economic Freedom Least free Most freeSlide26: -1.00% 0.00% 1.00% 2.00% Growth Rate, 1990s Bottom 20% 4th Quintile 3rd Quintile 2nd Quintile Top 20% Real Growth in GDP & Economic Freedom Least free Most freeSlide27: Least free Most free Adult Illiteracy Rate (1995)Slide28: 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Human Development Index (out of 1) Bottom 20% 4th Quintile 3rd Quintile 2nd Quintile Top 20% UN Human Development Index Least free Most freeSlide29: Economic Freedom versus Corruption 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 Economic Freedom Rating Corruption RatingSlide30: 0 10 20 30 40 50 Bottom 20% 4th Quintile 3rd Quintile 2nd Quintile Top 20% Income Inequality Poorest 20% 2nd 20% 3rd 20% 4th 20% Richest 20% Percent of income accruing to the Least free Most freeSlide31: IndiaSlide32: India & Top Ten AverageSlide33: Judiciary independence Impartial courts Protection of intellectual property Law and Order 0 2 4 6 8 10 Score (out of 10) Average of Top Ten India India & Top Ten Legal System & Property RightsSlide34: India & Top Ten Business RegulationsSlide35: India &Top Ten Credit Market RegulationsSlide36: India & Top Ten TariffsSlide37: Freedom to Trade with ForeignersNo country with a persistently high economic freedom rating during the last two decades failed to achieve a high level of income. : No country with a persistently high economic freedom rating during the last two decades failed to achieve a high level of income. Economic Freedom of the World 2002Whose Economic Freedom?: Whose Economic Freedom? Manufacturers Urban and rural labour Farmers, with or without land Traders, retail and wholesaleSlide40: If a high degree of economic freedom was permitted, then the rate of economic growth would have been higher the government would have focused on education, health, and infrastructure, instead of running bakeries, bicycle companies, or banks the corruption levels would have been low the overall governance would have been better. India would have been higher on economic freedom as well as human development indexWhy is India Poor? : Why is India Poor? Lack of Economic FreedomSlide42: United Kingdom 0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0% 3.5% 1890 1913 1929 1938 1950 1960 Years Growth rate population GDPSlide43: Germany -4.0% -2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 1890 1913 1929 1938 1950 1960 Years Growth Rates GDP populationSlide44: France -1.0% 0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0% 4.0% 5.0% 1890 1913 1929 1938 1950 1960 Year Growth Rate population GDPHow’s Wealth Created?: How’s Wealth Created? Specialisation (Division of Labour) The extent of specialisation is limited by the SIZE of the marketSlide47: The Scarcity of COPPER as Measured by Its Prices Relative to Wages and the Consumer Price IndexSlide48: Julian Simon-Paul Ehlrich Bet Copper, tungsten, chrome, nickel and tin. Basket Value in 1980: $ 1,000 Paul Ehlrich sent Julian Simon a cheque for $ 382 Basket Value in 1990: $ 618 Slide49: Simon-Ehlrich Bet Details You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Why is India Poor Burnell Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 4485 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (3) Dislike it (0) Added: January 07, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 2 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: madhur46 (16 month(s) ago) plz give me this ppt... i need for my knowledge as well as research Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: bambachauhan (25 month(s) ago) plz give this ppt Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Why is India Poor?: Why is India Poor? Parth J Shah Centre for Civil Society parth@ccsindia.orgSlide2: Culture / Attitudes Lack of Capital Political Instability Too large to govern Colonial legacy Weather / climate Neo-colonization Globalization / WTO Population Explosion Lack of Education CorruptionSlide3: How is Wealth Created? through the division of labour and the division of knowledge.People: Wealth Creators: People: Wealth Creators The extent of specialisation is limited by the SIZE of the market.Slide5: But some are RICH Some densely populated countries are POOR Population Density and Poverty?Slide6: Some sparsely populated countries are RICH But some are POOR Population Density and Poverty?Slide7: India’s PopulationAre We Running Out of Resources?: Are We Running Out of Resources?Slide9: The Scarcity of COPPER as Measured by Its Prices Relative to Wages and the Consumer Price IndexSlide10: Julian Simon-Paul Ehlrich Bet Copper, tungsten, chrome, nickel and tin Basket Value in 1980: $ 1,000 Basket Value in 1990: $ 423 Paul Ehlrich sent Julian Simon a cheque for $ 577 Slide11: Simon-Ehlrich Bet DetailsSlide12: The battle to feed all of humanity is over. In 12-20 years hundreds of millions of people will starve to death in spite of any crash programs embarked upon now. At this late date nothing can prevent a substantial increase in the world death rate. Professor Paul Ehrlich, Stanford University, MacArthur Fellow 1990 The Population BombSlide13: Per Capita Income = GDP PopulationSlide15: Effects of Colonisation?Slide16: Democracy vs Dictatorship? Success of Singapore, Malaysia, China, (Taiwan, S. Korea) But think about the Dictatorships that are POOR! How many Democracies are RICH? Superiority of dictatorshipSlide17: Democracy vs Dictatorship? Democracy also usually entails Civil rights Free press Protection of minoritiesSlide18: Illiteracy and Wealth?Slide19: Culture and Attitude Antimaterialistic Fatalistic (Karma) LazySlide21: ECONOMIC FREEDOM! The most important attribute of these institutions and policies is Economic and political institutions and policies determine economic success. Population, illiteracy, corruption, culture, democracy, and colonisation are half-truths.Slide22: Economic Freedom Index 2000Slide23: Economic Freedom Index 2000 Economic Freedom Index Components: Economic Freedom Index Components Size of government; consumption, transfers and subsidies Structure of the economy and use of markets Monetary policy and price stability Freedom to use alternative currencies Legal structure and property rights International exchange: Freedom to trade with foreigners Freedom in Exchange of capital and financial marketsSlide25: $0 $4,000 $8,000 $12,000 $16,000 $20,000 Per Capita Income Bottom 20% 4th Quintile 3rd Quintile 2nd Quintile Top 20% Per Capita Income & Economic Freedom Least free Most freeSlide26: -1.00% 0.00% 1.00% 2.00% Growth Rate, 1990s Bottom 20% 4th Quintile 3rd Quintile 2nd Quintile Top 20% Real Growth in GDP & Economic Freedom Least free Most freeSlide27: Least free Most free Adult Illiteracy Rate (1995)Slide28: 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Human Development Index (out of 1) Bottom 20% 4th Quintile 3rd Quintile 2nd Quintile Top 20% UN Human Development Index Least free Most freeSlide29: Economic Freedom versus Corruption 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 Economic Freedom Rating Corruption RatingSlide30: 0 10 20 30 40 50 Bottom 20% 4th Quintile 3rd Quintile 2nd Quintile Top 20% Income Inequality Poorest 20% 2nd 20% 3rd 20% 4th 20% Richest 20% Percent of income accruing to the Least free Most freeSlide31: IndiaSlide32: India & Top Ten AverageSlide33: Judiciary independence Impartial courts Protection of intellectual property Law and Order 0 2 4 6 8 10 Score (out of 10) Average of Top Ten India India & Top Ten Legal System & Property RightsSlide34: India & Top Ten Business RegulationsSlide35: India &Top Ten Credit Market RegulationsSlide36: India & Top Ten TariffsSlide37: Freedom to Trade with ForeignersNo country with a persistently high economic freedom rating during the last two decades failed to achieve a high level of income. : No country with a persistently high economic freedom rating during the last two decades failed to achieve a high level of income. Economic Freedom of the World 2002Whose Economic Freedom?: Whose Economic Freedom? Manufacturers Urban and rural labour Farmers, with or without land Traders, retail and wholesaleSlide40: If a high degree of economic freedom was permitted, then the rate of economic growth would have been higher the government would have focused on education, health, and infrastructure, instead of running bakeries, bicycle companies, or banks the corruption levels would have been low the overall governance would have been better. India would have been higher on economic freedom as well as human development indexWhy is India Poor? : Why is India Poor? Lack of Economic FreedomSlide42: United Kingdom 0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0% 3.5% 1890 1913 1929 1938 1950 1960 Years Growth rate population GDPSlide43: Germany -4.0% -2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 1890 1913 1929 1938 1950 1960 Years Growth Rates GDP populationSlide44: France -1.0% 0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0% 4.0% 5.0% 1890 1913 1929 1938 1950 1960 Year Growth Rate population GDPHow’s Wealth Created?: How’s Wealth Created? Specialisation (Division of Labour) The extent of specialisation is limited by the SIZE of the marketSlide47: The Scarcity of COPPER as Measured by Its Prices Relative to Wages and the Consumer Price IndexSlide48: Julian Simon-Paul Ehlrich Bet Copper, tungsten, chrome, nickel and tin. Basket Value in 1980: $ 1,000 Paul Ehlrich sent Julian Simon a cheque for $ 382 Basket Value in 1990: $ 618 Slide49: Simon-Ehlrich Bet Details