genetics notes

Download
Share  Add to  Flag Embed
Views:
 
Category: Education
     
 
License:   Some Rights Reserved

Presentation Description

No description available.

Comments

Presentation Transcript

Introduction to Genetics: 

Introduction to Genetics Grade 7

Gregor Mendel: 

Gregor Mendel Gregor Mendel was a monk who did years of research on pea plants to establish the basic principals of genetics. 1. The principle of dominance and recessiveness 2. The principle of segregation 3. The principle of independent assortment These 3 principles are the basic concepts of genetic studies today!

Gene: 

Gene A specific location on a chromosome. Every person has 2 genes that code for a trait, one from their mother, and one from their father!

Trait: 

Trait A unique characteristic passed on from parent to offspring.

Inherited trait: 

Inherited trait A trait that is passed on from parent to offspring.

Acquired trait: 

Acquired trait A characteristic that is developed during ones life time. For example: using hair dye to change hair color

Dominant trait: 

Dominant trait The stronger of two traits. A dominant trait will mask or cover up the effect of a recessive trait. Dominant traits are represented with an upper case letter. R = tongue roller

Recessive trait: 

Recessive trait The weaker of two traits. Is usually seen less often in a population Is only visible if a person has both recessive genes! Recessive traits are represented with a lower case letter r = non-tongue roller

Homozygous trait: 

Homozygous trait When both genes for a trait are the same. Two dominant traits is called homozygous dominant. (RR) Two recessive traits is called homozygous recessive (rr)

Heterozygous trait: 

Heterozygous trait When both genes for a trait are different. (Rr)

Genotype: 

Genotype The gene make-up of a trait. You can NOT see a persons genotype. Genotype is represented with letters For example: Rr is the genotype of a person who is heterozygous for the tongue rolling trait.

Phenotype: 

Phenotype The physical characteristics of a trait. This is what you see when you look at a person. For example: brown hair, brown eyes, left handed, etc…