AxegÃrd ICEP Biorefinery final

THE KRAFT PULP MILL AS A BIOREFINERY Peter AxegårdSTFI-Packforsk AB : 

THE KRAFT PULP MILL AS A BIOREFINERY Peter Axegård STFI-Packforsk AB

The Pulp Mill Biorefinery: 

The Pulp Mill Biorefinery STFIs definition Full utilization of the incoming biomass for production of fibres, chemicals and energy

Slide3: 

Biofuels Integrated Energy System Fibre processing Primary treat-ment Pulpwood Forestry residues Pulp/paper Chemicals STFIs Biorefinery Activities Conver-sion Conver-sion Black liquor Electricity

Large Effort on Lignin Removal : 

Large Effort on Lignin Removal Projects: KAM, 1996 - 2002 FRAM1, 2002- 2005 FRAM2, 2005 - 2008 Demo plant, 2006 - 2008 Total budget on lignin, 115 MSEK (approx. 12 m€)

Removal of Lignin from Black Liquor Industrial Value: 

Removal of Lignin from Black Liquor Industrial Value Low capital-cost alternative to de-bottleneck a flow gas limited or thermally limited recovery boiler Lignin can replace mineral oil as a fuel and also be a feed-stock for “green” chemicals and materials

Lignin from Kraft Black Liquor: 

Lignin from Kraft Black Liquor Lignin OUT Recovery boiler Digester Evaporation Bleaching Wood chips Pulp/paper Lignin IN Replacement of fossil fuel Wood

Traditional One Stage Process: 

Traditional One Stage Process Weak Black liquor To recovery boiler Black liquor (30- 40 % DS) Cooking chemicals, organic substances Lignin Dewatering and washing Precipitation Acid

Problems With One Stage Washing : 

Problems With One Stage Washing Poor control of pH and ionic strength Very slow dewatering, large lignin losses and lignin with low purity and high water content

Slide9: 

Good Scientific Opportunities

Slide10: 

Black liquor To recoevry boiler Cooking chemicals, organic substances Lignin Dewatering Precipitation with CO2 New Process for Lignin Removal Dewatering and washing Condi-tioning

Yield of Precipitated Lignin from Kraft Mill Black Liquor : 

Yield of Precipitated Lignin from Kraft Mill Black Liquor

Different Scales for Lignin Removal : 

Different Scales for Lignin Removal Laboratory 0.1 kg lignin/h Bench scale 1 kg lignin/h Pilot 100 kg lignin/h

Slide13: 

Mill Trial 2004 With Filter Pilot (1.7 m2)

Slide14: 

Mill Trial 2004 With Filter Pilot Filtration cycle number Specific filtering resistance, m/kg Same level as kaolin

Slide15: 

Dry solid content, % Filtration cycle number Mill Trial 2004 With Filter Pilot 50 55 60 65 70 75 1450 1550 1650 1750 1850 1950 2050

Slide16: 

Lignin From Mill Pilot 60-70 % Dry solids 0.1 - 0.5 % ash 0.05 – 0.4 % Na Heat value 26 GJ/t Lignin Pellets

Typical Properties of Lignin: 

C 64.0 % O 26.4 % H 5.7 % Na 0.03 % Ash 0.2 % Dry solids 65-70 % Heat value 26 GJ/t Typical Properties of Lignin

Slide18: 

Mill Trial 2006 In Portugal

Slide19: 

Mill Trial 2006 In Portugal

STFI Has Established A Company - LignoBoost AB: 

STFI Has Established A Company - LignoBoost AB For demonstrating the process in a demo plant demo plant started late 2006 production 4.000 tonnes/y capacity 10.000 tonnes/y lignin will be used in lime kilns and other incinerators Sell licences, engineering and turn-key systems Licences to three companies have already been sold

Demonstration of Lignin ProductionStart-Up December 2006 : 

Demonstration of Lignin Production Start-Up December 2006 Wermland Paper, Bäckhammar mill LignoBoost Demonstration plant

Slide22: 

Key Machine - Filter from Metso Minerals

Metso Filter in Demo Plant: 

Metso Filter in Demo Plant

Lignin Produced First Day: 

Lignin Produced First Day

FRAM2 – Program 2006 – 2008: 

FRAM2 – Program 2006 – 2008 Objective: Develop the LignoBoost- process and lignin incineration applications into industrial practice Projects: Effect of wood species and cooking process Design data using bench equipment in mills Reduction of investment and operational costs CO2 from lime kiln flue gases Trials in lime kilns, heat/power plants and bark boilers (lignin handling included) Case studies for 3 - 4 mills

Nordic Biorefining Alternatives: 

Pulp wood Pulp & paper production Paper Forestry residues Electricity Nordic Biorefining Alternatives Spent liquor Biomass gasification Methanol/DME FT-fuels Lignin removal Lignin

STFI-VTT Scheme: Integrating Biomass Gasification with Lignin Removal: 

Fuel gas Pulp & paper production STFI-VTT Scheme: Integrating Biomass Gasification with Lignin Removal Spent liquor Biomass gasification Lignin removal Pulp wood Paper Forestry residues Electricity Methanol/DME FT-fuels Lignin CO2

Opportunities - Integrating Biomass Gasification with Lignin Removal: 

Opportunities - Integrating Biomass Gasification with Lignin Removal Recovery boiler development Heat integration for high energy efficency and …. No principal limitation in removal of valuable components from black liquor

Slide29: 

Energy Heat value of 1 tonne of lignin equals 0.65 tonne of mineral oil Fuel for lime kilns, heat and power, oil replacement, syngas …. Chemicals Phenols, binders, dispersants, sequestering Materials Carbon fibre composites, porous carbon, active carbon Potential Lignin Applications

Unmodified SW lignin: 

Unmodified SW lignin Kraft Lignin as a Dispersant Sulfonated SW kraft lignin

Conclusions : 

Conclusions A new process, LignoBoost, for separation of lignin from kraft black liquor has been developed Eliminates recovery boilers bottlenecks The lignin has very good properties 65-70 % dry solids content Ash content 0.1-0.5 % Sodium 0.01- 0.4 % Heating value 26 GJ per ton Promising fuel and potential chemical feed-stock Demonstration plant started December 2006 Commercial installation 2007?

Other Benefits of Lignin Removal : 

Other Benefits of Lignin Removal Good match with gasification of forestery residues Basically all organics in black liquor can be removed Future simplified recovey boilers

Slide33: 

Thank you for your Attention!