logging in or signing up BBAPart4 2n Berta Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 199 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: January 25, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Climate Change: Climate ChangeWhat is climate change?: What is climate change? Weather changes all times. Climate naturally is stable but human activities cause climate change rapidly. What is major cause of climate change?: What is major cause of climate change? CO2 is one of greenhouse gas caused by human activities. CO2 traps solar heat in the atmosphere then air temperature is increased. Global warming increased about 0.3-0.6OC during 1860-1994. Human activities v.s. climate change : Human activities v.s. climate change Major contributors: (80-85% of CO2 being added to atmosphere Coal, oil and natural gas through combustion and release CO2 Slide9: Modest contributors: Deforestation: CO2 is released by wood burning CO2 from deforestation in tropical regions are responsible for 15-20% of CO2 emission.Slide10: Paddy rice field, landfills produce methane and other greenhouse gas which causes about 30% of warming Fertiliser and other chemicals release N2O cause about 10% of warmingSlide17: Not significant causes of climate change: Aerosol spray cans (cause the loss of ozone layer) nuclear power (no CO2 emission but high environmental risk of catastrophic accidents) the space programme toxic wasteWhat are effects of climate change?: What are effects of climate change? Example of changes: The amount of pattern of rain and snow the length of growing season the frequency and severity of storm The change of sea level riseWhat are feedbacks of climate change?: What are feedbacks of climate change? CO2 acts as fertilizer to make plants grow faster and result in negative feedback to slowing the rate of warming. Earth warms causes snow and ice to melt. The ground is exposed with the sunlight and absorbed by the earth so it results positive feedback. How much warming will there be?: How much warming will there be? IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) has projected further increase in global surface temperature of 1-3.5 oC by the year 2100 as compared with 1990.IPCC Projection: (Oct 2001): IPCC Projection: (Oct 2001) CO2 concentration in 2100 of 540-970 ppm. An increase in globally averaged surface temperature of 1.4-5.8oC. An increase in sea level of 0.09-0.88m.Can you suggest the solutions for CO2 emission reduction in Thailand?: Can you suggest the solutions for CO2 emission reduction in Thailand?Impacts of climate change to Tropical Asia:: Impacts of climate change to Tropical Asia: Ecosytems: Water resources: Food and fiber production: Coastal systems: Human health:Ecosystems:: Ecosystems: Changes in the distribution and health of rainforest and drier monsoon forest will be complex. In Thailand, the area of tropical forest could increase from 45% to 80% of total forest cover (prediction ???) and in Sri Lanka will increase in dry forest and decrease in wet forest.Water resources:: Water resources: The Himalayas are expected to result in increased recession of glaciers and increasing danger from glacial lake outburst floods caused by increased temperature and precipitation.Food and fiber production:: Food and fiber production: Climate change impacts could result in significant changes in crop yield production storage distribution The net effect of changes in regionwide is uncertain.Coastal systems:: Coastal systems: Sea-level rise is the climate-related impact on large delta regions such as: Bangladesh Myanmar Vietnam Thailand Indonesia Philippines MalaysiaHuman health:: Human health: Some vector-borne diseases are expected to increase in Tropical Asia with global warming. Epidemic potential of Malaria (increase 12-27%) Schistosomiasis (decrease 11-17%) Dengue (increase 31-47%) What can be done about climate change?: What can be done about climate change? To control the future emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases To reduce emission from baseline of 1990Slide45: To reduce energy consumption with improving energy efficiency To search new energy source as renewable or clean energy Abatement options: Abatement options Consider 3 kinds of options: 1. Improved energy efficiency 2. Use of cleaner energy 3. Changes in agriculture and forestry1. Improved energy efficiency:: 1. Improved energy efficiency: Reduced energy use in building as eco-design to save energy Improved fuel efficiency of new cars: by increased average mileage Make appliances more efficient: refrigerators, dishwasher, etc are used new technology to save energyExample of energy safe:: Example of energy safe: Lighting Incandescent lamps have been replaced by compact fluorescent lamps. This compact (18 watt) can save over its lifetime: 1 tonne of CO2 , 4kg of SO2, 1kg of N2O from coal-fired plant 200 litres of oil fed into an oil-fired power stationSlide53: Energy-save house (Eco-design) Traditional Thai house save energy and appropriate with tropical climate Eco-design house modern house with energy save-conceptSlide55: Office equipment: Computers Desktop computer and screen use electricity at a rate of 150 watts which compares to portable computer use at 1.5 watts. Printers Ink-jet printers and fax machines use only 1-2% as much electricity as laser printers.2. Use of cleaner energy:: 2. Use of cleaner energy: Switching to lower-carbon or carbon-free energy renewable energy (solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy) Example of clean energy:: Example of clean energy: Solar energy Wind energy Thermal energy Biomass energy3. Change in agriculture and forestry:: 3. Change in agriculture and forestry: Rice paddy field to provide new technique to minimise CO2 emission Livestock feed improvement and manure management in order to reduce CH4 emissionSlide62: Forestry to protect existing forest and enhance to increase forest area to preserve forest as carbon sink to manage forest products as long-life materialsHow can human solve this problem?: How can human solve this problem? UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) in 1992 Responding to concern that human activities are increasing ‘GHGs’ concentration in the atmosphere.Slide65: Kyoto Protocol is one protocol to UNFCCC to reduce GHGs emission by harnessing the force of the global marketplace to protect environment. A central feature of protocol is a set of binding emission targets for developed countries based on 1990 baselines.Thailand ratified on UNFCC in 1994:: Thailand ratified on UNFCC in 1994: Office of Environmental Policy and Planning (OEPP), MoSTE has also signed the Kyoto Protocol in 1999 but has yet to ratify it. Thailand participated in COP7 (7th Conference of the Parties) to make decision for Kyoto Protocol ratification in 2001??.Emission targets (2008-2012): Emission targets (2008-2012) European Union USA Japan, Canada Eastern European countries Annex A Average reduction 8% below 1990 levels 7% “ “ 6% “ “ 5-8% “ “ 5% “ “ 5.2% “ “Is it possible to reduce CO2 emission without US. Cooperation and commitment?: Is it possible to reduce CO2 emission without US. Cooperation and commitment? You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
BBAPart4 2n Berta Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 199 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: January 25, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Climate Change: Climate ChangeWhat is climate change?: What is climate change? Weather changes all times. Climate naturally is stable but human activities cause climate change rapidly. What is major cause of climate change?: What is major cause of climate change? CO2 is one of greenhouse gas caused by human activities. CO2 traps solar heat in the atmosphere then air temperature is increased. Global warming increased about 0.3-0.6OC during 1860-1994. Human activities v.s. climate change : Human activities v.s. climate change Major contributors: (80-85% of CO2 being added to atmosphere Coal, oil and natural gas through combustion and release CO2 Slide9: Modest contributors: Deforestation: CO2 is released by wood burning CO2 from deforestation in tropical regions are responsible for 15-20% of CO2 emission.Slide10: Paddy rice field, landfills produce methane and other greenhouse gas which causes about 30% of warming Fertiliser and other chemicals release N2O cause about 10% of warmingSlide17: Not significant causes of climate change: Aerosol spray cans (cause the loss of ozone layer) nuclear power (no CO2 emission but high environmental risk of catastrophic accidents) the space programme toxic wasteWhat are effects of climate change?: What are effects of climate change? Example of changes: The amount of pattern of rain and snow the length of growing season the frequency and severity of storm The change of sea level riseWhat are feedbacks of climate change?: What are feedbacks of climate change? CO2 acts as fertilizer to make plants grow faster and result in negative feedback to slowing the rate of warming. Earth warms causes snow and ice to melt. The ground is exposed with the sunlight and absorbed by the earth so it results positive feedback. How much warming will there be?: How much warming will there be? IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) has projected further increase in global surface temperature of 1-3.5 oC by the year 2100 as compared with 1990.IPCC Projection: (Oct 2001): IPCC Projection: (Oct 2001) CO2 concentration in 2100 of 540-970 ppm. An increase in globally averaged surface temperature of 1.4-5.8oC. An increase in sea level of 0.09-0.88m.Can you suggest the solutions for CO2 emission reduction in Thailand?: Can you suggest the solutions for CO2 emission reduction in Thailand?Impacts of climate change to Tropical Asia:: Impacts of climate change to Tropical Asia: Ecosytems: Water resources: Food and fiber production: Coastal systems: Human health:Ecosystems:: Ecosystems: Changes in the distribution and health of rainforest and drier monsoon forest will be complex. In Thailand, the area of tropical forest could increase from 45% to 80% of total forest cover (prediction ???) and in Sri Lanka will increase in dry forest and decrease in wet forest.Water resources:: Water resources: The Himalayas are expected to result in increased recession of glaciers and increasing danger from glacial lake outburst floods caused by increased temperature and precipitation.Food and fiber production:: Food and fiber production: Climate change impacts could result in significant changes in crop yield production storage distribution The net effect of changes in regionwide is uncertain.Coastal systems:: Coastal systems: Sea-level rise is the climate-related impact on large delta regions such as: Bangladesh Myanmar Vietnam Thailand Indonesia Philippines MalaysiaHuman health:: Human health: Some vector-borne diseases are expected to increase in Tropical Asia with global warming. Epidemic potential of Malaria (increase 12-27%) Schistosomiasis (decrease 11-17%) Dengue (increase 31-47%) What can be done about climate change?: What can be done about climate change? To control the future emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases To reduce emission from baseline of 1990Slide45: To reduce energy consumption with improving energy efficiency To search new energy source as renewable or clean energy Abatement options: Abatement options Consider 3 kinds of options: 1. Improved energy efficiency 2. Use of cleaner energy 3. Changes in agriculture and forestry1. Improved energy efficiency:: 1. Improved energy efficiency: Reduced energy use in building as eco-design to save energy Improved fuel efficiency of new cars: by increased average mileage Make appliances more efficient: refrigerators, dishwasher, etc are used new technology to save energyExample of energy safe:: Example of energy safe: Lighting Incandescent lamps have been replaced by compact fluorescent lamps. This compact (18 watt) can save over its lifetime: 1 tonne of CO2 , 4kg of SO2, 1kg of N2O from coal-fired plant 200 litres of oil fed into an oil-fired power stationSlide53: Energy-save house (Eco-design) Traditional Thai house save energy and appropriate with tropical climate Eco-design house modern house with energy save-conceptSlide55: Office equipment: Computers Desktop computer and screen use electricity at a rate of 150 watts which compares to portable computer use at 1.5 watts. Printers Ink-jet printers and fax machines use only 1-2% as much electricity as laser printers.2. Use of cleaner energy:: 2. Use of cleaner energy: Switching to lower-carbon or carbon-free energy renewable energy (solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy) Example of clean energy:: Example of clean energy: Solar energy Wind energy Thermal energy Biomass energy3. Change in agriculture and forestry:: 3. Change in agriculture and forestry: Rice paddy field to provide new technique to minimise CO2 emission Livestock feed improvement and manure management in order to reduce CH4 emissionSlide62: Forestry to protect existing forest and enhance to increase forest area to preserve forest as carbon sink to manage forest products as long-life materialsHow can human solve this problem?: How can human solve this problem? UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) in 1992 Responding to concern that human activities are increasing ‘GHGs’ concentration in the atmosphere.Slide65: Kyoto Protocol is one protocol to UNFCCC to reduce GHGs emission by harnessing the force of the global marketplace to protect environment. A central feature of protocol is a set of binding emission targets for developed countries based on 1990 baselines.Thailand ratified on UNFCC in 1994:: Thailand ratified on UNFCC in 1994: Office of Environmental Policy and Planning (OEPP), MoSTE has also signed the Kyoto Protocol in 1999 but has yet to ratify it. Thailand participated in COP7 (7th Conference of the Parties) to make decision for Kyoto Protocol ratification in 2001??.Emission targets (2008-2012): Emission targets (2008-2012) European Union USA Japan, Canada Eastern European countries Annex A Average reduction 8% below 1990 levels 7% “ “ 6% “ “ 5-8% “ “ 5% “ “ 5.2% “ “Is it possible to reduce CO2 emission without US. Cooperation and commitment?: Is it possible to reduce CO2 emission without US. Cooperation and commitment?