costianes

Test and Evaluation of Concealed Weapons Detection Systems : 

Test and Evaluation of Concealed Weapons Detection Systems NIJ's 8th Annual Critical Incident Preparedness Conference Atlanta, GA 7 September 2006 Presented by: Peter J. Costianes Air Force Research Laboratory Rome Research Site costianesp@rl.af.mil (315) 330-4030

Briefing Outline: 

Briefing Outline Materials used for testing – clothing and weapons. Testing and test results conducted on the Trex ST-150. Includes definitions of test parameters, display of results, and traceability to requirements established at the first CWD TWG meeting. Passive MMW imagery from the ST-150. Ratheon AN/PAS13B(V)2 Thermal Imager. Luna Nonlinear Acoustic Concealed Weapons Detection with experimental results. 7. Future system testing.

Weapons and Accessories Used: 

Weapons and Accessories Used Belts Cloth Waist Support Belt Elastic Waist Support Belt Accessories Nylon Hip Pack Backpack Leather Purse Computer Case

Weapons and Accessories Used: 

Weapons and Accessories Used

Clothing Used: 

Clothing Used Plaid Long Sleeve Shirt Heavy Plaid Long Sleeve Shirt Winter Down Coat – green Wind Breaker – blue Fall Jacket, with liner – blue Striped Long Sleeve Dress Shirt - for Wet Clothing Test

Slide6: 

ST150 Passive Millimeter-wave Imager Indoor Cell Phone Gun Outdoor Buck Knife

CWD ST-150 Indoor Setup: 

CWD ST-150 Indoor Setup ST-150 Device 16’ Test Subject

CWD ST-150 Outdoor Setup: 

CWD ST-150 Outdoor Setup

Slide9: 

Detect Concealed Weapons on an Individual (Law Enforcement) Priority: High Requirements Established by First CWD TWG Meeting Detect Large Concealed Weapons on an Individual (School Safety) Priority: High Detect Concealed Weapons on an Individual (Executive Security) Priority: High Detect Concealed Weapons and Contraband (Corrections) Priority: Medium Detect Concealed Weapons on an Individual (Transportation Security) Priority: Medium

Requirement Code Definitions: 

Requirement Code Definitions

Verification Cross Reference Index (VCRI) Code Definitions: 

Verification Cross Reference Index (VCRI) Code Definitions Inspection (I). Verification by examination of the item, reviewing descriptive documentation, and comparing the appropriate characteristics with a predetermined standard to determine conformance to requirements without the use of special laboratory equipment or procedures. Analysis (A). Verification by technical evaluation using mathematical representations, software code reviews, charts, graphs, circuit diagrams, data reduction, and/or representative data. Demonstration (D). Verification by operation, movement, and/or adjustment of the item under specific conditions to perform the design functions without recording of quantitative data. Test (T). Verification through systematic exercising of the applicable item under appropriate conditions with instrumentation to measure required parameters and the collection/analysis/evaluation of quantitative data to show that measured parameters meet specified requirements. Not Verified (N). Requirement not verifiable.

CWD Tests: 

CWD Tests

CWD Tests (Continued): 

CWD Tests (Continued)

CWD Device Performance CriteriaWhat is it?: 

CWD Device Performance Criteria What is it? Criteria Items are Derived from CWD Requirements Criteria Item Values are Obtained for each Device Under Test (DUT) using the Requirements Verification Results Criteria Items Allow All the DUT to be Compared via a Common Nomenclature

CWD Device Performance CriteriaDerivation Example: 

CWD Device Performance Criteria Derivation Example Criteria Number: 1 Device Criteria: Size/Weight Associated Requirements: 2, 18, 47 Requirement 2: Weighs less and is smaller than a standard refrigerator. Requirement 18: Weighs less than 500 pounds and operates on standard 110-volt current. This requirement also associates with Criteria 3a: AC Power Source Requirement 47: Weighs between 5 and 10 pounds, is durable, and meets all applicable military specifications. This requirement also associates with Criteria 31: Equipment Durability

CWD ST-150 IndoorHand Gun, Plaid Shirt: 

CWD ST-150 Indoor Hand Gun, Plaid Shirt

CWD ST-150 OutdoorHand Gun, Plaid Shirt: 

CWD ST-150 Outdoor Hand Gun, Plaid Shirt

CWD ST-150 IndoorHand Gun, Winter Down Coat : 

CWD ST-150 Indoor Hand Gun, Winter Down Coat

CWD ST-150 OutdoorHand Gun, Winter Down Coat : 

CWD ST-150 Outdoor Hand Gun, Winter Down Coat

CWD ST-150 Indoor 1”x6” PVC Pipe (Red Cap), Heavy Plaid Shirt : 

CWD ST-150 Indoor 1”x6” PVC Pipe (Red Cap), Heavy Plaid Shirt

CWD ST-150 Indoor 1”x6” PVC Pipe (Red Cap), Winter Down Coat : 

CWD ST-150 Indoor 1”x6” PVC Pipe (Red Cap), Winter Down Coat

CWD ST-150 Outdoor 1”x6” PVC Pipe (Red Cap), No Outer Clothing : 

CWD ST-150 Outdoor 1”x6” PVC Pipe (Red Cap), No Outer Clothing

CWD ST-150 Indoor ½”x6” Black Metal Pipe, Plaid Shirt: 

CWD ST-150 Indoor ½”x6” Black Metal Pipe, Plaid Shirt

CWD ST-150 Outdoor ½”x6” Black Metal Pipe, Plaid Shirt : 

CWD ST-150 Outdoor ½”x6” Black Metal Pipe, Plaid Shirt

CWD ST-150 Indoor ½”x6” Black Metal Pipe, Winter Down Coat: 

CWD ST-150 Indoor ½”x6” Black Metal Pipe, Winter Down Coat

CWD ST-150 Outdoor ½”x6” Black Metal Pipe, Winter Down Coat : 

CWD ST-150 Outdoor ½”x6” Black Metal Pipe, Winter Down Coat

CWD SummaryTREX ST-150: 

CWD Summary TREX ST-150 ST-150 Strengths Minimal training required for set-up and operation Weapons detectable on image Can see small weapons as well as large weapons Sees through most types of clothing Can store images to file ST-150 Weaknesses One standoff distance (~16 ft) Can only use for stationary test subjects Outdoor set-up requires experimentation ST-150 Cost (single unit) - $75,000

Raytheon AN/PAS-13B(V)2Infrared Camera System: 

Raytheon AN/PAS-13B(V)2 Infrared Camera System

Raytheon AN/PAS-13B(V)2Infrared Camera System: 

Raytheon AN/PAS-13B(V)2 Infrared Camera System Major Components Telescope: Provides magnification of thermal image. Sensor Assembly: Process thermal image for display on the cathode ray tube (CRT). Eyepiece: Displays thermal image and all system indicators on the CRT for the operator. Carrying Case: Soft cloth bag with cleaning kit, two batteries, manual and weapon bracket. Provides straps for soldier to hand carry or strap on back. Transit/Storage Case: Hard case used for transportation and storage.

Equipment Data: 

Equipment Data Height/Width/Length (inches) 6.25x6.25x15.50 Weight (lbs.) 4.19 Field of View (FOV) 6 x18 deg Telescope magnification (WFOV/NFOV) 1.66X/5.0X Telescope magnification is doubled in zoom mode. Power Consumption --- Battery life (BA-5347 @ 620 F) 71% Standby Mode (Hrs) 12 Emergency Mode (Hrs) 6.5 On Mode (watts) 8.1 Standby Mode (watts) 4.74

CWD PAS 13B Indoor Setup: 

CWD PAS 13B Indoor Setup

CWD PAS 13B IndoorHand Gun, Wind Breaker at 100 Ft: 

CWD PAS 13B Indoor Hand Gun, Wind Breaker at 100 Ft

CWD PAS 13B Indoor 1”x6” PVC Pipe (4), Plaid Shirt at 100 Ft: 

CWD PAS 13B Indoor 1”x6” PVC Pipe (4), Plaid Shirt at 100 Ft

Slide34: 

Non-Linear Acoustic Concealed Weapons Detection Luna Innovations Funded by NIJ through AFRL/IF Funded by HSARPA under Phase 1 SBIR Program Concealed Weapons Detection

Transmitter and Receiver with test Subject: 

Transmitter and Receiver with test Subject receiver transmitter

Sample signatures in the Spectrogram: Time-frequency analysis: 

Sample signatures in the Spectrogram: Time-frequency analysis No target Gun Flat plate Tube f1-f2 = 5-15 kHz f1 = 53 kHz, f2 = 48 kHz

Slide37: 

Future System Testing Received delivery of Brijot Passive MMW. 2. Purchase Luna Nonlinear Acoustic Breadboard System. 3. Breadboard/prototype systems in development funded by NIJ and HSARPA as they become available.