Outline:
Outline Key Terms Knowledge Types Justification JTB
Key Terms:
Key Terms Justification Certainty Propositional Attitudes Doubt Defeasibility A priori A posteriori
Types:
Types What does “X knows Y” mean? X and Y are friends X knows how to do Y X knows that Y is true Propositional knowledge Proposition = sentence = makes a truth claim Attitudes = belief, denial, suspended judgment Why believe or deny a claim?
Justification:
Justification Justification is normative We should believe true claims, deny false claims Sources of belief vs. sources of justification A priori Reflection: “I feel X .” Reasoning: “I conclude X . ” A posteriori Perception: “I see X.” Testimony: “I was told X.”
JTB:
JTB Justification is a matter of degree Belief is a tipping point Defeasible beliefs can be defeated Certainty is absolute Doubt indicates defeasibility, not denial Certainty Certainty Justification Perception Reflection Reasoning Testimony Belief Denial Doubt