INTRODUCTION TO ASTHMA:
2 INTRODUCTION TO ASTHMA Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells & cellular elements play a role (mast cells, eosinophils, T lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, & epithelial cells). In susceptible individuals , inflammation causes recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, particularly at night/early morning. These episodes are associated with variable airflow obstruction often reversible spontaneously/treatment
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3 REASON OF ASTHMA I
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4 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NORMAL AND ASTHMATIC PERSON Airways narrow, caused by:
tightening of the muscles that surround the airways
swelling of the inner lining, and/or
increase in mucus production
CAUSES:
CAUSES 5 ENVIRONMENTAL
GENETIC B2AR is located on chromosome 5q
GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS CD14-ENDOTOXIN REACTIONS ALLERGENS POLLUTION
Pathophysiology :
Pathophysiology 6 Inflammation Bronchial smooth muscle
Hypertrophy +
Mucous glands
Hypertrophy Thick mucous Plugging of small airway
(bronchoconstriction) Hyper responsiveness to triggers Long period (chronicity)
PHARMACOLOGY:
PHARMACOLOGY
TRICKS TO COUNTER ASTHMA-:
TRICKS TO COUNTER ASTHMA- 8
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9 Asthma is a problem worldwide, with an estimated 300 million affected individuals
Prevalence increasing in many countries, especially in children
A cause of a significant number of preventable deaths
A major cause of school/work absence EPIDEMIOLOGY
FUTURE SCOPE:
FUTURE SCOPE 10 SO WE SHOULD HOPE FOR A BETTER SCOPE
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