ROK CP

Utilization of Biomass for Renewable Energy (Republic of Korea): 

Utilization of Biomass for Renewable Energy (Republic of Korea) Ko, Seung Keun (Korea Environment andamp; Resources Corporation, ENVICO) Kim, Hee Jung (Korea Energy Management Corporation, KEMCO)

Contents: 

Contents 1. Energy Status of Korea 2. Government’s Policy andamp; Renewable Energy 3. Current Status of Bio-energy 4. Future Prospect

Current Global Energy Status: 

Current Global Energy Status Political instability of oil producing countries Rapid increase of oil demand, such as China, India Competition for scarce resources Enhanced control and nationalization of fossil energy Global protection of environment Effectuation of Kyoto Protocol(’05.2) New and High Oil Price Era

1. Energy Status of Korea: 

1. Energy Status of Korea Imports about 97% of the energy used More than 80% of oil from the Middle East Source : MOCIE High dependency on energy imports andlt; Energy Imports andgt; ( unit : % )

1. Energy Status of Korea: 

Gradual Decrease in Oil and Increase in LNG Oil : (’80) 61.1% → (’05) 44.4% LNG : (’90) 3.2% → (’05) 13.3% Increase in Transport, Household/Commercial Sector are Projected Oil (44.4%) LNG (13.3%) Anthracite Coal (2.1%) Bituminous Coal (21.9%) Nuclear Power (16.1%) Hydro Power, etc. (2.3%) Industrial (55.2%) Transport (20.8%) Household / Commercial (21.6%) Public, etc. (2.4%) andlt;Primary Energy Consumptionandgt; andlt;Final Energy Consumption by Sectorsandgt; 1. Energy Status of Korea Energy Consumption Breakdown(2005)

Government’s Policy & Renewable Energy: 

Government’s Policy andamp; Renewable Energy

Government’s Policy & Renewable Energy: 

Government’s Policy andamp; Renewable Energy Why Renewables in Korea

Government’s Policy & Renewable Energy: 

Source : Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA, 2006. (Korea is from 2005, other countries from 2004) 2.13% 13.6% 5.9 4.2 3.8 3.2 Government’s Policy andamp; Renewable Energy Very low compared to advanced countries Achievements In NRE Ratio on NRE/Total Energy Consumption is 2.13% in 2005

Government’s Policy & Renewable Energy: 

Government’s Policy andamp; Renewable Energy *Others include photovoltaic, geothermal, fuel cell New andamp; Renewable Energy Supply Status(2005) In 2005, NRE accounted for 2.13% of primary energy consumption(229.3Mtoe) Equivalent to oil import of 1.8 bil USD; CO2 emission reduction of 15 Mton

Government’s Policy & Renewable Energy: 

Annual Target (%) Government’s Policy andamp; Renewable Energy 5% of Total Energy Consumption by 2011 Deployment Target

3. Current Status of Bio-energy: 

3. Current Status of Bio-energy Biomass Resources in Korea

3. Current Status of Bio-energy: 

3. Current Status of Bio-energy Major Bio-energies Starch, Lignocellulosic biomass Food wastes Vegetable/animal oils Waste water, sludge Briquettes Bioethanol, Bio-oil Methane Biodiesel Hydrogen Heating Transportation fuel Fuel Transportation fuel Fuel Synthetic gas Methanol Heat Power Solid fuel Liquefaction Gasification Combustion Digestion Chemical catalysts Biological Generation

3. Current Status of Bio-energy: 

3. Current Status of Bio-energy 1995 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 200 120 90 60 30 1 (1000 toe) Bio energy Solar thermal Wind Most of energy sources, such as bioenergy, wind, and PV, continuously increase - Wind power generation increase sharply since 2003 PV NRE Deployment Trend

3. Current Status of Bio-energy: 

Current status for bioenergy utilization in Korea 3.6% (84,000TOE) of recoverable biomass resources have been utilized as energy in 2001 Action plan have been set up to increase the bioenergy utilization to 15% by 2010 Current aspects of Bioenergy Randamp;D Following priorities were applied for Bioenergy Randamp;D 1. Organic wastes such as food wastes, sludge, MSWs etc 2. Unutilized resources (Forest residues, agricultural residues etc) 3. Foreign biomass Two bioenergy technologies have been commercialized Other technologies are still under developement 3. Current Status of Bio-energy

3. Current Status of Bio-energy: 

Technology Development Status To develop technology by using Bio-diesel and Land Fill Gas(LFG) Diffusion of BD5(gasoline 95% + Bio-diesel 5%) to gasoline vehicle Exhibition diffusion period of BD20(gasoline 80% + Bio-diesel 20%) : 2002. 5. 25 - 2006. 6. 30 3. Current Status of Bio-energy

4. Future Prospect: 

4. Future Prospect Technology Road Map for Bioenergy 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Conversion Feed Stock Supply 2003 Plant Science (Outsourcing) Biodiesel Standardization 2002 2012 Management of Organic Waste Feedstock Production (Outsourcing) Biomass Pretreatment Biodiesel Energy Crops Waste Sugars Core Technologies for Bioethanol Micro-organism Genomics Anaerobic Digestion Biomass Gasification New Biodiesel Production Technology Cogeneration Technology Commercialization Study Bioethanol

4. Future Prospect: 

The Randamp;D projects have been divided into two categories; short term projects and long term projects The thermochemical conversion process and anaerobic digestion have been chosen as short term projects which can be commercialized by 2006 All other biological conversion processes including ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass and bio-hydrogen were put into long term projects that will take 10 years or longer to commercialize. 4. Future Prospect

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