4 26 07: 4 26 07 Ch 19 = Disorders of Personality 1. What they are 2. Group 1 = erratic PDs 3. Group 2 = eccentric PDs 4. Group 3 = fearful PDs 5. Prevalence rates


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Personality disorder Impaired social relationships Thought to be common to all PDs


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality What is abnormal? E.g., having more than 10 fingers Abnormal is deviant from what society values Depends on norms Homosexuality was considered abnormal 20 years ago Not so today


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Personality disorder Of behavior, thought, or experience At odds with social expectations Conscientious people check whether they locked door However, checking locks 5 times before leaving This seems to be beyond normality


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Age and personality disorder


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality DSM IV All involve disordered social relations to some extent


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Group 1: erratic Antisocial Borderline Histrionic Narcissistic Group 2: eccentric Schizoid Schizotypal Paranoid Group 3: fearful Avoidant Dependent Obsessive-compulsive


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Antisocial Borderline Histrionic Narcissistic


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Antisocial personality disorder Minor thefts Smoking, fighting at early age Lying Breaking other’s property Breaking rules Then run-ins with the law


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Antisocial personality disorder More serious legal problems Extends to sexual behavior Increased physical prowess = more capacity to harm 3 x more antisocial diagnoses Also, behaviors more externalized among males


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality If no antisocial behaviors in childhood, unlikely to develop disorder If antisocial behaviors in children, most do not develop disorder However, some do


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality 1. Cold-hearted, seemingly unconcerned about others 2. Impulsive, lack of foresight, planning 3. Unstable relationships, unstable work behavior 4. Easily irritated by others


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality 'look out for yourself' 'it’s a jungle out there; only the strong survive' 'I don’t care what others think of me' 'Life has been hard on me and I deserve some breaks' 'people deserve to be taken'


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Antisocial personality disorder


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Antisocial personality disorder Age


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Unstable relationships Unstable behavior Unstable emotions Unstable self-esteem


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Intense Emotional Violent Strong fears of being abandoned Can be very angry when sensing break-up They may idealize other And then ridicule other


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Burning Cutting Suicide attempts 84 hospital patients with diagnosis of borderline 72% had attempted suicide Most at least 3 times


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Shallow, goals change easily Opinions may change suddenly Experimentation with different people, sex At the core, self viewed as bad Self-harming quite common Panic Anger Despair


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Vindictive, aggressive Then shame, guilt, depression Often undermine own efforts (such as dropping out after investing time in a class)


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality 'I’m nothing without you' 'I’ll just die if you leave me' 'I hate you' 'I’ll do anything for you' 'I feel empty inside, as though I don’t know who I am'


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Oftentimes, overdone physical appearance E.g., too much makeup Expressed strongly and frequently However, they are shallow and easily changed Suggestible, shallow people


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Basically because of their strong need for attention Male histrionic = hyper macho, boastful Female histrionic = hyper feminine, gaudy


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality 'hey look at me' 'I am happiest when I’m the center of attention' 'Boredom is the pits' 'I usually go with my intuition' 'If I feel like doing it, I just go ahead and do it'


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Strong need to be admired Lack of insight into other’s feelings


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Narcissistic personality disorder Narcissistic paradox


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality View own performance andgt; actual performance May disparage other’s achievements Snobbish in this way However, troubled interpersonal relationships Defensive, aggressive when criticized


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality 'I’m special' 'The typical rules do not apply to me' 'others should do my bidding' 'I have every reason to expect the best from life'


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Group 2: eccentric


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Schizoid personality disorder Intimate relationships Or even friendships Oftentimes, solitary hobbies, solitary jobs Sex Food


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Schizoid personality disorder Socially inept, clumsy E.g., just staring rather than conversing


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Feeling Different Not fitting in Seemingly odd or eccentric Oftentimes irrational beliefs ESP or paranormal phenomena Magical powers


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Almost akin to hallucinations Hearing one’s name even when not spoken Feeling that people are looking at him or her (when not true)


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality 'are your thoughts sometimes so strong you can hear them?' 'do you sometimes feel that you are gaining or losing energy when touched by people' 'can you let yourself go at a party?' 'do you often want to do the opposite of what people suggest?' 'It’s best not to confide in others' 'Relationships are always messy' 'intimate relationships are unimportant to me'


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Paranoid personality disorder Others are out to exploit me Other people have suspicious motives Because these will be used against you Chance remarks as threats deep with criticism Frequent lawsuits because of victimization


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality 'get them before they get you' 'others have ulterior motives' 'I have to be on guard all the time' 'when people act friendly, it probably means they want something from me'


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Avoidant Dependent Obsessive-compulsive


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Avoidance of social relationships as a way of avoiding criticism They do want to be around others But view such contact as dangerous


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality 'I am socially inept and undesirable' 'I can’t stand being criticized' 'I don’t want to draw attention to myself'


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Excessive need to be taken care of Extremely submissive Wants others to make important life decisions for self Lots of reassurance seeking from others Rarely takes the initiative


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality 'I am weak and need support' 'The worst thing is to be abandoned and left alone' 'I must not offend people who I depend on' 'I need help making decisions'


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder Extreme ritual Fondness for rules, schedules High standards for the self Will keep old, worn-out clothes


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality 'I believe in rules, order, and high standards' 'details are important' 'If you can’t do it perfectly, don’t do it'


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality prevalence Antisocial 2 Borderline 2 Histrionic 2 Narcissistic andlt; 1 Schizoid andlt; 1 Schizotypal 3 Paranoid 2 Avoidant andlt; 1 Dependent andgt; 3 Obsessive-compulsive 1


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality 3 or greater: dependent, schizotypal 2: antisocial, borderline, histrionic, paranoid 1 or less: obsessive-compulsive, narcissistic, schizoid, avoidant


Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality: Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality Sex difference? More men: More women: Neither: