duxbury asa

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Micronutrient Enrichment of Rice, Wheat and Grain Legumes by Agronomic Management John M. Duxbury Cornell University Soil Management CRSP Funded by US AID

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Common Mineral Micronutrient Deficiencies in South Asia Plants: Zn, B, Mo People: Fe - anemia 50% Zn - 95% at risk; 47% have intake less than recommended

Micronutrient Enrichment of Seed/Grain : 

Micronutrient Enrichment of Seed/Grain Hypotheses: Micronutrient dense seeds generated by fertilization of mother plant will increase crop yields by: - overcoming soil micronutrient deficiencies - increasing plant resistance to soil borne pathogens and parasitic nematodes and will - address human micronutrient deficiencies

Foliar fertilization increases Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo and Ni in wheat and rice grain: 

Foliar fertilization increases Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo and Ni in wheat and rice grain Zn Mn Zn Mn Cu Mo Ni Cu Mo Ni Similar results with different varieties

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Soil fertilization increases Zn and Mo content of wheat grain on farms in Bangladesh Data is mean of 6 sites

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Soil fertilization only increases grain Mo in rice Soil Application on 13 Farms Research Experiment (BR33)

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Zn (and Cu) availability drops greatly in reduced soils Sarah Johnson, PhD, 2004

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Soil fertilization increases B content of chickpea and lentil grain but only has a small effect on Zn Sarah Johnson, PhD, 2004

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Micronutrient enriched seed improves crop performance

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Seed micronutrient enrichment increased seedling emergence, growth and root health of Kanchan wheat in farmer soils Data are mean of 9 farmer soils Letters indicate significant difference at p<0.05

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Micronutrient enriched seed gives higher wheat yields compared to soil fertilization

Rice yields respond to Zn and Mo enrichment of seed : 

Rice yields respond to Zn and Mo enrichment of seed Research Station Farmer Fields NS NS Differences significant at p < 0.5 unless indicated (NS)

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Zn enriched rice can meet RDI for Bangladesh children Data in part from Anne-Marie Mayer PhD thesis, 2004

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Summary Foliar fertilization enriched the grain of rice and wheat with Zn, Cu, Mo, and Ni Soil fertilization was effective for enriching wheat grain with Zn, Cu, Mo and B but only increased Mo in rice (effect on B not tested) Soil fertilization with Zn and B had little effect on grain Zn but increased grain B of lentils and chickpea Rice and wheat seedlings from micronutrient enriched seeds resisted soil borne pathogen and nematode stresses and gave higher yields Zn enriched rice can supply adequate amounts of this nutrient to children in Bangladesh

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Acknowledgements Cornell Univ.: J. Lauren, Y. Zavala, S. Johnson (PhD at CU; now IRRI), A-M Mayer (PhD at CU; now Bristol, UK) USDA-ARS, Ithaca: R. Welch Bangladesh: Md. Bodruzzaman (BARI), N. Elahi (BRRI), C. Meisner, CIMMYT Thank You…..