Kawamata 210206

Japanese Climate Change Policy La politique du Japon en matière de changement climatique: 

Japanese Climate Change Policy La politique du Japon en matière de changement climatique Kotaro Kawamata Premier secrétaire de la Délégation Permanente du Japon auprès de l'OCDE, chargé de l'environnement et du développement durable

Presentation Overview: 

Presentation Overview Japanese Kyoto Protocol Achievement Plan Emissions Trend by Sector Reduction Policy - Energy saving scheme [Top Runner program] - Bio-fuels 2. Post-Kyoto discussion (-2013) Future framework Asia-Pacific Partnership

Gap between current emissions and target: 

Gap between current emissions and target * Rate compared to the emissions in 1990 (%) - “Kyoto Protocol” in 1997 set the reduction targets of GHG emissions assigned to each developed country. - Japan is responsible for reducing 6% of the total GHG at the average value in 2008 to 2012 in comparison with 1990s. (EU= -8% [France=0%], Annex I=-5%)

Slide4: 

Trends in Aggregate GHG emissions 1990-2002 Other Annex I Parties All Annex I Parties Annex I Parties – Economies in Transition Change relative to 1990 (%) 10 % 0 % -10 % -20 % -30 % -40 %

Relationship between CO2 emissions and energy efficiency: 

Relationship between CO2 emissions and energy efficiency About 90% of Japan’s greenhouse gasses is energy-originated CO2. Japan has achieved the most advanced energy efficiency. Energy Efficiency in countries

Transition of Final Energy Consumption: 

Transition of Final Energy Consumption

Kyoto Protocol Target Achievement Plan : 

Kyoto Protocol Target Achievement Plan 60 concrete measures Action Plans of Industry Top Runner Program Renewable Energy (e.g. Bio-fuel) Target for each sector

Energy Consumption Trend under the Nippon Keidanren’s Voluntary Action Plan on the Environment: 

Energy Consumption Trend under the Nippon Keidanren’s Voluntary Action Plan on the Environment The goal of the voluntary action plan is “reducing CO2 from industrial sector to 1990 level by 2010”. - Japan’s energy consumption unit against GDP in industrial sector is lower than those of other major countries.

Transition of Energy Consumption in the Commercial/Residential Sector: 

Transition of Energy Consumption in the Commercial/Residential Sector - Energy consumption in commercial/residential sector is in a growth trend. - Japan’s per-capita energy consumption is lower than other major countries, but the difference is narrowing down.

Transition of Energy Consumption in the Transportation Sector: 

Transition of Energy Consumption in the Transportation Sector - Energy consumption in the transportation sector has surged since oil crisis. - Per-capita energy consumption is on the increase in all major countries.

Contributing Factors Increasing Energy Consumption in the Transportation Sector: 

Contributing Factors Increasing Energy Consumption in the Transportation Sector - Passenger vehicles contributed 90 % of total energy consumption in transportation sector, which increased in this decade. Energy consumption for passenger cars marked a dramatic 64% increase from 1990 increase in household ownership of passenger cars extending the total driving distance increased vehicle weights compromising the actual fuel economy.

Improving Equipment Efficiency with the Top Runner Program: 

Improving Equipment Efficiency with the Top Runner Program - The Top Runner program* was introduced in 1998 for energy conservation standards for home/office appliances and fuel economy standards for automobiles. 従来の省エネ基準 新・省エネ基準 * Top Runner Program: The program seeks continuous improvement in energy conservation standards/performance among the latest products. E.g. Fuel economy standards of automobiles, energy conservation standards for electric equipment. Example of Top Runner Program

Energy-Saving Labeling System: 

Energy-Saving Labeling System - The energy-saving labeling system has been introduced to inform consumers of energy efficiency of home appliances and to promote energy-efficient products. Energy-saving labeling Overall cost display to encourage purchase - The sales price is expensive - but total cost (price + electricity cost) is cheaper !

Slide14: 

“Team –6%” Campaign

Bio-fuel: 

Bio-fuel Bio-fuel is made from plant materials (e.g. Rapeseed oils) Under the Kyoto Protocol, CO2 from Bio-fuel is not included. Bio-diesel use for Bus Rapeseed cultivation for Bio-diesel production Rapeseed field

Bio-fuel Production in the world: 

Bio-fuel Production in the world Bio-diesel for diesel engine cars Bio-ethanol for gasoline engine cars Brazil has been the world’s leader of fuel ethanol

Bio-fuel in EU: 

Bio-fuel in EU - Bio-fuel production grew by 25% in 2004 EU Target: 2% in 2005, 5.75% in 2010 of total transport fuel - Tax exemption for bio-fuels Bio-fuel production in EU (1,000t)

Bio-fuel in Japan: 

Bio-fuel in Japan Bio-diesel production in Japan is only 2,000kL (French production amounts to 390,000kL) Bio-ethanol will be in premium gasoline in the amount of 5% by 2010 (360,000kL) (French gasoline has already included 1.5% ethanol 130,000kL in 2004 to 650,000kL in 2007)

Potential of Bio-fuel production: 

Potential of Bio-fuel production 50% of transport fuel could be bio-fuels in 2050 Use of bio-fuel could double over the next 5 years Bio-ethanol use could go up 5% by 2010

Post-Kyoto discussion (-2013): 

Post-Kyoto discussion (-2013) Objective: Stabilize GHG concentration to prevent climate disaster Limit Average temperature to 2 degree Celsius Need to reduce by 10% in 2020, 50% in 2050, 75% in 2100

Critical Factors for Post-Kyoto: 

Critical Factors for Post-Kyoto Developing countries: Right for development but … Emissions will soon exceed those of developed countries The US (22% emitter) has not ratified Kyoto Protocol

European leadership on Post-Kyoto: 

European leadership on Post-Kyoto EU Target: 2.0 degrees Celsius 15-30% by 2020 60-80% by 2050

Japanese stance for Post-Kyoto discussion: 

Japanese stance for Post-Kyoto discussion Widest possible cooperation by all countries Consider ways of involving major energy-consuming countries (e.g. the US, China and India)

Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate: 

Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate Japan, the US, Australia, China, India, South Korea Aims to disseminate Energy Efficient Technology to China and India 50% of GHG emissions, energy consumption, GDP and Population Voluntary goal setting, no mandatory mechanism Complements the Kyoto Protocol

Our challenge continues…Mais, Fin de présentation.Merci beaucoup pour votre attention.: 

Our challenge continues… Mais, Fin de présentation. Merci beaucoup pour votre attention.