logging in or signing up Cell Biology AlNiedz Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 1775 Category: Education License: Some Rights Reserved Like it (2) Dislike it (0) Added: January 08, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description Decscription of cell parts and functions Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript CELL BIOLOGY : CELL BIOLOGY Biology 300 A. Niedzviecki Introduction : Introduction Cells are the basic units of organisms Cells can only be observed under microscope Two basic types of cells: Animal Cell Plant Cell Plant Cell : Plant Cell Made of cellulose which forms very thin fibres Strong and rigid In plant cells only Plant Cell : Protect and support the enclosed substances (protoplasm) Resist entry of excess water into the cell Give shape to the cell Cell wall Plant Cell Plant Cell : A dead layer Large empty spaces present between cellulose fibres ?freely permeable Cell wall Plant Cell Plant Cell : Lies immediately against the cell wall Made of protein and lipid ?Selectively permeable Plant Cell Plant Cell : A living layer Can control the movement of materials into and out of the cell Cell membrane Plant Cell Plant Cell : Jelly-like substance enclosed by cell membrane Provide a medium for chemical reactions to take place Plant Cell Plant Cell : Contains organelles and granules : e.g. chloroplast e.g. mitochondrion Cytoplasm Plant Cell Organelles : Organelles very small size – can only be observed under electron microscope has specific functions in cytoplasm Plant Cell : Contain the green pigment chlorophyll To trap light energy, to make food by photosynthesis Plant Cell Plant Cell : Contain starch grains (products of photosynthesis) Chloroplast Plant Cell Plant Cell : Rod shape For respiration Plant Cell Plant Cell : Active cells ( eg. sperms, liver cells) have more mitochondria Plant Cell Mitochondrion( mitochondria ) Plant Cell : Starch granules Oil droplets Crystals of insoluble wastes Plant Cell Plant Cell : large central vacuole Surrounded by tonoplast Contains cell sap a solution of chemicals (sugars, proteins, mineral salts, wastes, pigments) Plant Cell Plant Cell : Control the normal activities of the cell Bounded by a nuclear membrane Contains thread-like chromosomes Plant Cell Plant Cell : Each cell has fixed number of chromosomes Chromosomes carry genes genes control cell characteristics Nucleus Plant Cell Different kinds of plant cells : Different kinds of plant cells Animal cell : mitochondrion nucleus glycogen granule cell membrane cytoplasm Animal cell No cell wall and chloroplast Stores glycogen granules and oil droplets in the cytoplasm vacuole Different kinds of animal cells : Different kinds of animal cells Similarities between plant cells and animal cells : Similarities between plant cells and animal cells Both have a cell membrane surrounding the cytoplasm Both have a nucleus Both contain mitochondria Differences between plant cells and animal cells : Differences between plant cells and animal cells Animal cells Plant cells Relatively smaller in size Irregular shape No cell wall Relatively larger in size Regular shape Cell wall present Differences between plant cells and animal cells : Animal cells Plant cells Vacuole small or absent Glycogen granules as food store Nucleus at the centre Large central vacuole Starch granules as food store Nucleus near cell wall Differences between plant cells and animal cells Microscope : Microscope Instrument for observing small objects Different parts of a microscope : Different parts of a microscope The cell as the basic unit of life : The cell as the basic unit of life Cell is the smallest unit of living organisms Unicellular organisms are made of one cell only The cells of multicellular organisms are specialized to perform different functions e.g. mesophyll cells for photosynthesis and root hair cells for water absorption Levels of organization : Levels of organization Cells are grouped together and work as a whole to perform special functions Tissue : Tissue A group of similar cells to perform a particular function Animals : epithelial tissue, muscular tissue Plants : vascular tissue, mesophyll Organ : Organ Different tissues group together to carry out specialized functions Heart : consists of muscles, nervous tissue and blood vessels Leaf : consists of epidermis, mesophyll and vascular tissue The Structures of a Leaf : Stoma Air Space Spongy Mesophyll Cell Chloroplast The Structures of a Leaf Palisade Mesophyll Cell The Structures of a Heart : The Structures of a Heart System : System Several organs and tissues work together to carry out a particular set of functions in a co-ordinated way Human : digestive, respiratory, excretory, circulatory and reproductive systems Plant : root and shoot systems System in our body : System in our body examples of systems : Digestive System Respiratory System Circulatory System Nervous System Reproductive System The Circulatory System : The Circulatory System The Nervous System : The Nervous System Male Reproductive System : Male Reproductive System Female Reproductive System : Female Reproductive System Level of Organization : Level of Organization cells (e.g. muscle cells, nerve cells) tissues (e.g. muscle, epithelium) organs (e.g. heart, lungs, stomach) systems (e.g. circulatory system) organisms (e.g. man) It’s You : It’s You You do not 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Cell Biology AlNiedz Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 1775 Category: Education License: Some Rights Reserved Like it (2) Dislike it (0) Added: January 08, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description Decscription of cell parts and functions Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript CELL BIOLOGY : CELL BIOLOGY Biology 300 A. Niedzviecki Introduction : Introduction Cells are the basic units of organisms Cells can only be observed under microscope Two basic types of cells: Animal Cell Plant Cell Plant Cell : Plant Cell Made of cellulose which forms very thin fibres Strong and rigid In plant cells only Plant Cell : Protect and support the enclosed substances (protoplasm) Resist entry of excess water into the cell Give shape to the cell Cell wall Plant Cell Plant Cell : A dead layer Large empty spaces present between cellulose fibres ?freely permeable Cell wall Plant Cell Plant Cell : Lies immediately against the cell wall Made of protein and lipid ?Selectively permeable Plant Cell Plant Cell : A living layer Can control the movement of materials into and out of the cell Cell membrane Plant Cell Plant Cell : Jelly-like substance enclosed by cell membrane Provide a medium for chemical reactions to take place Plant Cell Plant Cell : Contains organelles and granules : e.g. chloroplast e.g. mitochondrion Cytoplasm Plant Cell Organelles : Organelles very small size – can only be observed under electron microscope has specific functions in cytoplasm Plant Cell : Contain the green pigment chlorophyll To trap light energy, to make food by photosynthesis Plant Cell Plant Cell : Contain starch grains (products of photosynthesis) Chloroplast Plant Cell Plant Cell : Rod shape For respiration Plant Cell Plant Cell : Active cells ( eg. sperms, liver cells) have more mitochondria Plant Cell Mitochondrion( mitochondria ) Plant Cell : Starch granules Oil droplets Crystals of insoluble wastes Plant Cell Plant Cell : large central vacuole Surrounded by tonoplast Contains cell sap a solution of chemicals (sugars, proteins, mineral salts, wastes, pigments) Plant Cell Plant Cell : Control the normal activities of the cell Bounded by a nuclear membrane Contains thread-like chromosomes Plant Cell Plant Cell : Each cell has fixed number of chromosomes Chromosomes carry genes genes control cell characteristics Nucleus Plant Cell Different kinds of plant cells : Different kinds of plant cells Animal cell : mitochondrion nucleus glycogen granule cell membrane cytoplasm Animal cell No cell wall and chloroplast Stores glycogen granules and oil droplets in the cytoplasm vacuole Different kinds of animal cells : Different kinds of animal cells Similarities between plant cells and animal cells : Similarities between plant cells and animal cells Both have a cell membrane surrounding the cytoplasm Both have a nucleus Both contain mitochondria Differences between plant cells and animal cells : Differences between plant cells and animal cells Animal cells Plant cells Relatively smaller in size Irregular shape No cell wall Relatively larger in size Regular shape Cell wall present Differences between plant cells and animal cells : Animal cells Plant cells Vacuole small or absent Glycogen granules as food store Nucleus at the centre Large central vacuole Starch granules as food store Nucleus near cell wall Differences between plant cells and animal cells Microscope : Microscope Instrument for observing small objects Different parts of a microscope : Different parts of a microscope The cell as the basic unit of life : The cell as the basic unit of life Cell is the smallest unit of living organisms Unicellular organisms are made of one cell only The cells of multicellular organisms are specialized to perform different functions e.g. mesophyll cells for photosynthesis and root hair cells for water absorption Levels of organization : Levels of organization Cells are grouped together and work as a whole to perform special functions Tissue : Tissue A group of similar cells to perform a particular function Animals : epithelial tissue, muscular tissue Plants : vascular tissue, mesophyll Organ : Organ Different tissues group together to carry out specialized functions Heart : consists of muscles, nervous tissue and blood vessels Leaf : consists of epidermis, mesophyll and vascular tissue The Structures of a Leaf : Stoma Air Space Spongy Mesophyll Cell Chloroplast The Structures of a Leaf Palisade Mesophyll Cell The Structures of a Heart : The Structures of a Heart System : System Several organs and tissues work together to carry out a particular set of functions in a co-ordinated way Human : digestive, respiratory, excretory, circulatory and reproductive systems Plant : root and shoot systems System in our body : System in our body examples of systems : Digestive System Respiratory System Circulatory System Nervous System Reproductive System The Circulatory System : The Circulatory System The Nervous System : The Nervous System Male Reproductive System : Male Reproductive System Female Reproductive System : Female Reproductive System Level of Organization : Level of Organization cells (e.g. muscle cells, nerve cells) tissues (e.g. muscle, epithelium) organs (e.g. heart, lungs, stomach) systems (e.g. circulatory system) organisms (e.g. man) It’s You : It’s You