logging in or signing up chemical warfare 1993klk Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 244 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (3) Dislike it (0) Added: July 26, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: randhawa1981 (5 month(s) ago) SIR VERY GOOD PPT ALLOW ME TO DOWNLOAD PPT Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: jainudeen2862 (13 month(s) ago) sir, i request you to give me this ppt by download Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: jainudeen2862 (13 month(s) ago) HELLLO, VERY NICE PPT Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 2: CHEMICAL WARFARE Slide 4: Chemical and Biological Warfare (CBW) Compared to other weapons of mass destruction, CBW has seen very little use. Slide 5: The potential threat of CBW is terrifying: blinded, disoriented, clutching your chest, gasping for breath, drowning in mucus fluids pouring from the lungs, choking to death CBW is silent, invisible, pervasive, and deadly. You may not be able to hide from it. Slide 6: Chemical warfare (CW) agents Chemical warfare (CW) agents use poisons that kill, injure, or incapacitate. CW agents can be gases or liquids or, more commonly, dispersed as aerosols. Slide 7: Biological warfare (BW) agents Biological warfare (BW) agents use living bacteria ( e.g Bacillus ., anthracis , the causative agent of anthrax) or viruses ( e.g Variolae ., , the virus that causes smallpox). Slide 8: CW agent Use W use in the trenches of World War I allowed attacks to break through fortifications. Heavier-than-air gases would fill the trenches and tunnels, rendering them useless for defense. But , Modern precision-guided conventional weapons render this classical motive for CW obsolete. Slide 9: Suiting up an army in CBW protective gear is expensive, time-consuming, degrades communications and fighting ability, and causes panic and chaos. Creating massive casualties requiring medical aid further impairs effectiveness by spreading uncertainty and, ultimately, fear. CBW is the ultimate terror weapon. Slide 11: Another argument If the enemy has it, we must have it. Slide 13: Also ........... CW (or BW) agents are said to have a large footprint and are cheaper than conventional weapons. Slide 14: Chemical weapons are a kind of “poor mans atomic bomb.” Iranian President Ali Akbar Hashemi, 1988, at the end of Iran's war with Iraq. Slide 17: Routes of entry for CW agents Slide 19: Classes of CW Agents Choking gases and lung irritants Blister agents (vesicants) Blood agents Nerve agents Incapacitants and psychoactive chemicals Harassing or riot-control agents (RCAs)and vomiting agents Herbicides Napalm Obscurant smoke and masking agents Slide 20: Choking gases and lung irritants Choking gases and lung irritants CW agents that irritate the respiratory system causing formation of water in the lungs, resulting in death from lack of oxygen Slide 22: Chlorine (Cl2 ): “A new form of warfare” Use : by Germany against Allied troops on 22 April 1915 at 5 pm near Ypres, Belgium. Result : 5,000 dead, 10,000 wounded. Slide 23: Description and effects of chlorine Description : Greenish yellow gas; amber liquid. Odor is suffocating, pungent, and irritating. Health effects : Causes burning of nose and mouth with rhinorrhea, respiratory distress with coughing fits, choking, wheezing, rales, retching, hemoptysis, substernal pain, dyspnea, and cyanosis. Strips and inflames the mucous lining of the bronchial tubes and lungs, allowing fluid to enter the lungs from the bloodstream. May cause bronchitis, progressing to pulmonary edema and occasional pneumonitis. Causes Chronic respiratory and pulmonary dysfunctions. Other symptoms include salivation, anxiety, sneezing.. Pallor or redness of the face, weakness, hoarseness, headache, dizziness, and general excitement and restlessness. Massive inhalation may alos cause death by cardiac arrest. May irritate skin and cause burning and pricking sensations, inflammation, and blisters. Slide 24: John Singer Sargent, Gassed (Aug. 1918) Oil on canvas 231 × 611.1 Imperial War Museum , London Slide 25: Phosgene (carbonyl chloride, COCl2 ) Slide 26: Gassed and Wounded , Oil Eric Henri Kennington (1888-1960), English Slide 28: Blister agents (vesicants) CW agents that affect eyes, lungs, and skin, causing formation of large blisters Slide 31: Description and effects of mustard Description : A yellow-brown liquid in crude preparation; colorless in pure form. An oily unpleasant smell like mustard, tasting like garlic (perhaps due to impurities). Health effects : On skin contact, the fat-soluble liquid penetrates the skin and destroys interior tissue in a delayed reaction (up to 24 hr), causing blisters that take a long time to heal. Death may occur from toxic shock within 24 hr of massive exposure. Slide 33: Growing use of CW in WWI Slide 35: Blood agents CW agents that interfere with the body’s ability to transport oxygen in the blood stream Slide 38: Other blood agents Volatile, but less flammable than HCN Toxic flammable gas, destroys red blood cells, widespread organ injury; powerful reducing agent, strong affinity for hemoglobin; hemolysis of red blood cells causes renal failure. Common pollutant, by product of heating systems; binds to hemoglobin with an affinity 250-300x that of oxygen; victims die by asphyxiation and take on a cherry red skin color. More toxic than HCN, used in WW1; by-product of decaying organic matter or volcanic activity; 1997: planned use in a diversionary explosion in white supremacist robbery plot foiled by the FBI. Slide 40: Nerve agents First developed by Gerhard Schrader of IG Farben in 1936 as an outgrowth of organophosphate pesticide development. Routes: inhalation and skin contact. These have the ability to make the nerves inactive . These Nerve agents are of two types V-series Nerve agents Eg, G-series Nerve agents Eg, Slide 42: Incapacitants and psychoactive chemicals CW agents that can incapacitate, disorient, or paralyze Slide 44: Incapacitants are of two types (both of which are pretty much easy to remember) Incapacitants1 Eg, Belladonna 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (BZ) Incapacitants 2 Eg, Ergot and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) Slide 46: CW terrorism 1974 : Muharem Kerbegovic was arrested in Los Angeles after mailing toxic material to a Justice of the Supreme Court and threatening to kill the president with nerve gas. 1991 : German authorities thwarted a neo-Nazi plot to pump hydrogen cyanide into a synagogue. 1992 : the FBI arrested two members of the Patriots Council in Minnesota for possession of less than one gram of ricin, under the Biological Weapons Anti- Terrorism Act of 1989. 1993 : First World Trade Center Bombing led by Ramsi Yousef. The use of cyanide was considered, but delivery was considered too expensive. 1994 : Aum Shinrikyo, an apocalyptic religious cult based in Japan, used a refrigerated truck to spray sarin on several magistrates who were to rule against them in a legal dispute. The judges survived, 7 bystanders were killed, and 144 were seriously injured. 1995 : Attack on Tokyo subway by Aum Shinrikyo used sarin. 12 people killed, 1,000 injured in 16 stations. Would have been worse if they had not diluted their sarin stock with acetonitrile. Slide 49: The future threat Comment 2 : Chemical or biological weapons provide more “bang for the buck,” killing their victims with less cost than bullets or bombs. Slide 52: white phosphorous Vietnam Slide 53: “… We [have] the ability to make and use chemicals and poisonous gas. And these gases and poisons are made from the simplest ingredients, which are available in the pharmacies; and we could, as well, smuggle them from one country to another as needed. And this is for use against vital institutions and residential populations and drinking water sources and others…” Ramsi Yousef, , 1995, convicted terrorist bomber for first World Trade Center bombing Slide 55: THANK YOU BY shashaank You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
chemical warfare 1993klk Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 244 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (3) Dislike it (0) Added: July 26, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: randhawa1981 (5 month(s) ago) SIR VERY GOOD PPT ALLOW ME TO DOWNLOAD PPT Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: jainudeen2862 (13 month(s) ago) sir, i request you to give me this ppt by download Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: jainudeen2862 (13 month(s) ago) HELLLO, VERY NICE PPT Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 2: CHEMICAL WARFARE Slide 4: Chemical and Biological Warfare (CBW) Compared to other weapons of mass destruction, CBW has seen very little use. Slide 5: The potential threat of CBW is terrifying: blinded, disoriented, clutching your chest, gasping for breath, drowning in mucus fluids pouring from the lungs, choking to death CBW is silent, invisible, pervasive, and deadly. You may not be able to hide from it. Slide 6: Chemical warfare (CW) agents Chemical warfare (CW) agents use poisons that kill, injure, or incapacitate. CW agents can be gases or liquids or, more commonly, dispersed as aerosols. Slide 7: Biological warfare (BW) agents Biological warfare (BW) agents use living bacteria ( e.g Bacillus ., anthracis , the causative agent of anthrax) or viruses ( e.g Variolae ., , the virus that causes smallpox). Slide 8: CW agent Use W use in the trenches of World War I allowed attacks to break through fortifications. Heavier-than-air gases would fill the trenches and tunnels, rendering them useless for defense. But , Modern precision-guided conventional weapons render this classical motive for CW obsolete. Slide 9: Suiting up an army in CBW protective gear is expensive, time-consuming, degrades communications and fighting ability, and causes panic and chaos. Creating massive casualties requiring medical aid further impairs effectiveness by spreading uncertainty and, ultimately, fear. CBW is the ultimate terror weapon. Slide 11: Another argument If the enemy has it, we must have it. Slide 13: Also ........... CW (or BW) agents are said to have a large footprint and are cheaper than conventional weapons. Slide 14: Chemical weapons are a kind of “poor mans atomic bomb.” Iranian President Ali Akbar Hashemi, 1988, at the end of Iran's war with Iraq. Slide 17: Routes of entry for CW agents Slide 19: Classes of CW Agents Choking gases and lung irritants Blister agents (vesicants) Blood agents Nerve agents Incapacitants and psychoactive chemicals Harassing or riot-control agents (RCAs)and vomiting agents Herbicides Napalm Obscurant smoke and masking agents Slide 20: Choking gases and lung irritants Choking gases and lung irritants CW agents that irritate the respiratory system causing formation of water in the lungs, resulting in death from lack of oxygen Slide 22: Chlorine (Cl2 ): “A new form of warfare” Use : by Germany against Allied troops on 22 April 1915 at 5 pm near Ypres, Belgium. Result : 5,000 dead, 10,000 wounded. Slide 23: Description and effects of chlorine Description : Greenish yellow gas; amber liquid. Odor is suffocating, pungent, and irritating. Health effects : Causes burning of nose and mouth with rhinorrhea, respiratory distress with coughing fits, choking, wheezing, rales, retching, hemoptysis, substernal pain, dyspnea, and cyanosis. Strips and inflames the mucous lining of the bronchial tubes and lungs, allowing fluid to enter the lungs from the bloodstream. May cause bronchitis, progressing to pulmonary edema and occasional pneumonitis. Causes Chronic respiratory and pulmonary dysfunctions. Other symptoms include salivation, anxiety, sneezing.. Pallor or redness of the face, weakness, hoarseness, headache, dizziness, and general excitement and restlessness. Massive inhalation may alos cause death by cardiac arrest. May irritate skin and cause burning and pricking sensations, inflammation, and blisters. Slide 24: John Singer Sargent, Gassed (Aug. 1918) Oil on canvas 231 × 611.1 Imperial War Museum , London Slide 25: Phosgene (carbonyl chloride, COCl2 ) Slide 26: Gassed and Wounded , Oil Eric Henri Kennington (1888-1960), English Slide 28: Blister agents (vesicants) CW agents that affect eyes, lungs, and skin, causing formation of large blisters Slide 31: Description and effects of mustard Description : A yellow-brown liquid in crude preparation; colorless in pure form. An oily unpleasant smell like mustard, tasting like garlic (perhaps due to impurities). Health effects : On skin contact, the fat-soluble liquid penetrates the skin and destroys interior tissue in a delayed reaction (up to 24 hr), causing blisters that take a long time to heal. Death may occur from toxic shock within 24 hr of massive exposure. Slide 33: Growing use of CW in WWI Slide 35: Blood agents CW agents that interfere with the body’s ability to transport oxygen in the blood stream Slide 38: Other blood agents Volatile, but less flammable than HCN Toxic flammable gas, destroys red blood cells, widespread organ injury; powerful reducing agent, strong affinity for hemoglobin; hemolysis of red blood cells causes renal failure. Common pollutant, by product of heating systems; binds to hemoglobin with an affinity 250-300x that of oxygen; victims die by asphyxiation and take on a cherry red skin color. More toxic than HCN, used in WW1; by-product of decaying organic matter or volcanic activity; 1997: planned use in a diversionary explosion in white supremacist robbery plot foiled by the FBI. Slide 40: Nerve agents First developed by Gerhard Schrader of IG Farben in 1936 as an outgrowth of organophosphate pesticide development. Routes: inhalation and skin contact. These have the ability to make the nerves inactive . These Nerve agents are of two types V-series Nerve agents Eg, G-series Nerve agents Eg, Slide 42: Incapacitants and psychoactive chemicals CW agents that can incapacitate, disorient, or paralyze Slide 44: Incapacitants are of two types (both of which are pretty much easy to remember) Incapacitants1 Eg, Belladonna 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (BZ) Incapacitants 2 Eg, Ergot and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) Slide 46: CW terrorism 1974 : Muharem Kerbegovic was arrested in Los Angeles after mailing toxic material to a Justice of the Supreme Court and threatening to kill the president with nerve gas. 1991 : German authorities thwarted a neo-Nazi plot to pump hydrogen cyanide into a synagogue. 1992 : the FBI arrested two members of the Patriots Council in Minnesota for possession of less than one gram of ricin, under the Biological Weapons Anti- Terrorism Act of 1989. 1993 : First World Trade Center Bombing led by Ramsi Yousef. The use of cyanide was considered, but delivery was considered too expensive. 1994 : Aum Shinrikyo, an apocalyptic religious cult based in Japan, used a refrigerated truck to spray sarin on several magistrates who were to rule against them in a legal dispute. The judges survived, 7 bystanders were killed, and 144 were seriously injured. 1995 : Attack on Tokyo subway by Aum Shinrikyo used sarin. 12 people killed, 1,000 injured in 16 stations. Would have been worse if they had not diluted their sarin stock with acetonitrile. Slide 49: The future threat Comment 2 : Chemical or biological weapons provide more “bang for the buck,” killing their victims with less cost than bullets or bombs. Slide 52: white phosphorous Vietnam Slide 53: “… We [have] the ability to make and use chemicals and poisonous gas. And these gases and poisons are made from the simplest ingredients, which are available in the pharmacies; and we could, as well, smuggle them from one country to another as needed. And this is for use against vital institutions and residential populations and drinking water sources and others…” Ramsi Yousef, , 1995, convicted terrorist bomber for first World Trade Center bombing Slide 55: THANK YOU BY shashaank